Haematopoietic system

Question 1

3 Functions of blood?

Answer 1

1 transport substances
2 regulate processes
3 protect from disease

Question 2

what percentage of blood does plasma make up?

Answer 2

55%

Question 3

what is the other 45% made up of?

Answer 3

erythrocytes (red blood cells)
leukocytes (white blood cells)
thrombocytes/platelets

Question 4

what is haematocrit test?

Answer 4

tests ratio of red blood cells to plasma as a %

Question 5

name for less mature red blood cells?

Answer 5

reticulocytes

Question 6

function of mature red blood cells?

Answer 6

transport respiratory gases
haematopoiesis

Question 7

life span of mature red blood cells?

Answer 7

120 days

Question 8

what gives reticulocytes a blue hue?

Answer 8

residual ribonucleoprotein particles

Question 9

2 category of leukocytes (WBC)?

Answer 9

Granulocytes
agranulocytes

Question 10

what are granulocytes? Give 3 examples

Answer 10

contain bacteria fighting granules
-neutrophils
-eosinophils
-basophils

Question 11

what are agranulocytes? Give 2 examples

Answer 11

no granules and mononuclear
-monocytes
-lymphocytes

Question 12

characteristic of neutrophils?

Answer 12

prominent nucleus in 2-5 lobes
6-8hr half life 1-4 day life span

Question 13

function of neutrophils?

Answer 13

active phagocytes

Question 14

characteristic of eosinophils?

Answer 14

bilobed nucleus
orange granules contain core of major basic protein (MBP crystalloids)

Question 15

what does MBP do?

Answer 15

kills parasitic worms

Question 16

characteristic of basophils?

Answer 16

large dark granules
nucleus with 2-3 lobes

Question 17

function of basophils?

Answer 17

mediate hypersensitivity reaction (bind IgE)

Question 18

characteristic of monocytes?

Answer 18

migrate into tissue after a week
large ovoid nucleus

Question 19

function of monocytes?

Answer 19

ingest and remove debris and infectious agents

Question 20

characteristic of lymphocytes?

Answer 20

single, stained spherical nucleus
cytoplasm may have granules

Question 21

types of lymphocytes?

Answer 21

T cells
B cells
Neutral killer cells

Question 22

why are monocytes and lymphocytes referred to as mononuclear?

Answer 22

nuclei not segmented

Question 23

function of platelets?

Answer 23

haemostasis
promote coagulation cascade for blood clots

Question 24

name for deficiency of platelets?

Answer 24

thrombopoietin

Question 25

what are haematopoietic tissues?

Answer 25

tissues that actively or potentially produce blood cells

Question 26

what are myeloid tissues?

Answer 26

blood forming tissues identified as red marrow

Question 27

what are lymphoid tissues?

Answer 27

elements of larger lymphatic system

Question 28

description of haematopoiesis?

Answer 28

formation of blood/ blood cells in the body

Question 29

3 steps of blood clot formation?

Answer 29

1 vasoconstriction
2 temporary clot
3 coagulation

Question 30

4 steps to platelet plug formation?

Answer 30

1 exposed collagen binds and activates platelets
2 release of platelet factors
3 attract more platelets
4 aggregate into plug