hazards -forms of seismic hazards (shockwaves)

Question 1

what are the forms of seismic hazards?

Answer 1

.shockwaves
.tsunamis
.liquefaction
.landslides

Question 2

how do shockwaves occur?

Answer 2

.friction along plate margins builds up in the lithosphere and when the pressure is finally released, they fracture along cracks called faults, sending a series of seismic shockwaves to the surface

Question 3

what are the 2 types of shockwaves?

Answer 3

.body waves
.surface waves

Question 4

what are body waves?

Answer 4

.shockwaves that travel through the earth

Question 5

what are body waves categorised into?

Answer 5

.primary (P) waves
.secondary (S) waves

Question 6

what are P waves?

Answer 6

.waves that travel through both liquids and solids and are the fastest waves, reaching the surface first
.they are compressional waves
.travel through the curst, mantle and the core

Question 7

what are S waves?

Answer 7

.waves that travel through the earth but cannot travel through solids such as the core
.half as fast as P waves
.transverse waves (they shake the ground at right angles to the direction of the wave)

Question 8

what are surface waves?

Answer 8

.waves that travel along the earths surface

Question 9

what can surface waves be categorised as?

Answer 9

.love (L) waves
.rayleigh (R) waves

Question 10

what are love (L) waves?

Answer 10

.slowest but most destructive
.shake the ground from side to side

Question 11

what are rayleigh (R) waves?

Answer 11

.they travel out from the epicentre near the surface
.move in a rolling motion
.they can break up surface