Heart Flashcards
(26 cards)
The four chambers of the heart are?
Right and left atria
Right and left ventricle
The heart is covered by?
Fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium
What intercostal space does the apex of the heart lies?
5th
What part of the heart is the most fixed part?
Posterior
What is the level of the base of the heart when standing vs supine?
Standing-T6-T9
Supine- T5-T8
What is ortner’s syndrome?
This is a condition that occurs due to the stenosis of the mitral valve casing left atrium hypertrophy and compression of the esophagus and difficulty swallowing
What is the main feature of the right convex border of the right atrium?
Shallow vertical groove known as sulcus terminals
What is the sulcus terminalis?
Marks the external boundary between the smooth part (sinus venarum) and the rough part (atria proper) of the right atrium.
It indicates the junction where the sinus venosus fused during heart development.
What branch of arteries can be found within the lateral border of the left atrium?
Marginal branch of the left coronary artery
The inferior border is accompanied by the?
Marginal branch of the right coronary artery
What is the notch close to the apex of the inferior border what artery does it transmit?
The notch is know as incisura apicis cordis and transmits the anterior inter ventricular branch of the left coronary artery
The right atrium extends behind which costal cartilage?
6ths
The interior of the right atrium consist of?
Proper atrium (anterior rough) and sinus venarum (posterior smooth part)
The crisis terminalis is ?
The smooth muscular that separates the smooth and rough part
Where is the eustachian valve located in the heart?
Inferior vena cava
The duplication of the endocardium gives rise to?
Esutachian valve
What structures does the horn of the eustachian valve connect to?
Limbus fossa ovalis
Crista terminalis
What is the role of the coronary sinus ?
collects deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle (myocardium) via cardiac veins (great cardiac vein, middle cardiac vein, small cardiac vein, etc.).
The coronary sinus is guarded by?
Thebesian valve
What is the role of Foramina Venarum Minimarum?
They drain blood from vena cordis minimae (thebesian veins) — very small veins from the heart wall itself.
They bypass the coronary sinus and drain directly into the atrium
What is the foramina venarum minimum?
These are tiny openings scattered mostly on the septal wall of the right atrium (especially near the fossa ovalis).
Inter-venous tubercle
-a small muscular projection below the opening of superior vena-cava.
Tubercle regulates the blood flow of superior vena-cava.
Parallel Muscular Ridges are?
These are called pectinate muscles.
Found mainly in the right atrium, especially in the right auricle (atrial appendage).
Where is thombus formation most likely to form in the heart?
Right auricular appendage of the heart
It can often cause pulmonary embolism in the clot is dislodged
