Liver And Portal Vein

Question 1

What are of the abdomen does the liver occupies?

Answer 1

Right hypochondriac, epigastric and left hypochondriac

Question 2

What factors keep the liver in position?

Answer 2

Opening of hepatic to inferior vena cava
Intra abdominal pressure
Ligaments of the liver

Question 3

What groove is placed on the posterior surface of the liver?

Answer 3

Venacaval groove

Question 4

What are the impressions on the liver?

Answer 4

Gastric impressions
Duodenal impressions
Colic impression
Renal
Suprarenal impression

Question 5

What are the borders of the liver?

Answer 5

Posterior superior
Posterior inferior
And inferior border

Question 6

On which intercostal space is a needle biopsy of the liver done?

Answer 6

9th or 10th

Mid axillary line During forced expiration

Question 7

What ribs would you say is “articulating” with the liver on the right and left side?

Answer 7

Right side- 6-10 ribs
Left part 7th and 8th costal cartilage

Question 8

What can be found on the posterior surface of the liver?

Answer 8

Bare area
Groove for inferior vena cava
Caudate lobe
Groove for esophagus

Question 9

What is the bare area of the liver?

Answer 9

The area of the liver not co weed by peritoneum

Question 10

What are the boundaries of the bare area

Answer 10

Apex - right triangular ligament
Base- groove for inferior vena cava
Superior and inferior coronary ligament - above and below

Question 11

What are the boundaries of the caudate lobe?

Answer 11

Right side- groove for inferior vena cava
Left side- fissure for ligamentum venosum
Above- postero-superior border
Below porta hepatis

Question 12

What part of the liver is covered by peritoneum of the lesser sac

Answer 12

Caudate lobe

Question 13

What are the borders of the quadrants lobe?

Answer 13

Right- fossa of gallbladder
Above porta hepatis
Below- inferior border of liver
Left-ligamentum teres

Question 14

What separates the liver into the left and right lobes?

Answer 14

Falciform ligament
Ligamentum of teres
Ligamentum venosum

Question 15

What is the imaginary line drawn from the fossa of the gall bladder to the groove for the inferior vena cava?

Answer 15

Chlolecystovenacaval plane

Question 16

What ligaments of the liver are deemed as false ligaments or peritoneal folds?

Answer 16

Falciform ligament
Coronary
Right and left triangular
Lesser omentum

Question 17

What is the job of the Falciform liver

Answer 17

To connect the liver to the undersurface of the diaphragm and to the anterior abdominal wall of the umbilicus

Question 18

The coronary ligament job is to?

Answer 18

Connect the bare area to the diaphragm

The right inferior phrenic artery is in close proximity to the ligament

Question 19

The left triangular ligament overlaps which structure?

Answer 19

Abdominal part of the esophagus

Question 20

What ligament forms the bare area’s apex?

Answer 20

The right triangular ligament

Question 21

The try ligaments are?

Answer 21

The ligamentum teres and the ligamentum venosum

Question 22

The ligamentum venosum is a remnant of?

Answer 22

The obliterated ductus venosus

Question 23

What was the role of the ductus venosus?

Answer 23

In fetal life it connects the left branch of the portal vein with the inferior vena cava as it bypasses hepatic circulation when most of the blood from from the left umbilicus shunts to the ivc

Question 24

The ligamentum teres is a remnant of

Answer 24

The obliterated left umbilical vein

Question 25

What are the two parts of the lesser omentum

Answer 25

The hepato gastric Hepato duodenal

Question 26

What can be found within the free margin

Answer 26

Portal veins Bile duct Hepatic artery proper Plexus of nerves Hepatic lymph nodes

Question 28

Majority of the liver’s nutrition is derived from?

Answer 28

Portal vein 65-75 1500ml of blood circulates through the liver per minute

Question 29

How much percent of nutrition is derived from the hepatic artery?

Answer 29

25-33 300ml of blood per minute

Question 30

Communication between the portal vein and the hepatic vein is?

Answer 30

Sinusoid

Question 31

What part of the liver drains into the coelic lymph nodes?

Answer 31

The right convex last

Question 32

The posterior surface of the liver drains into?

Answer 32

Paracardial lymph nodes

Question 33

What drains into the hepatic nodes?

Answer 33

The inferior surface and parts of the anterior and surface

Question 34

What parts of the liver drains into the right lateral surface and the posterior surface and the adjoining parts of the superior surface?

Answer 34

Subdiaphragmatic lymph nodes

Question 35

The deep lymphatics accompanies hepatic and portal veins and terminates into

Answer 35

Supradiaphragmatic and hepatic lymph nodes

Question 36

Portal vein divides into?

Answer 36

Intrahepatic and extra hepatic part

Question 37

The union of the superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein forms at which level?

Answer 37

Neck of the pancreas at L3

Question 38

What is the Intrahepatic course?

Answer 38

Right and left portal veins enters porta-- -portal canal---hepatic sinusoids---central veins-------sublobular veins--hepatic veins---inferior vena cava.

Question 39

Describes the paraumbilicus vein porta cabal anastomosis

Answer 39

From above- superior epigastric and lateral thoracic From below- superficial and inferior epigastric veins From sides-lumbar and posterior intercostal vein

Question 40

The caudate lobe is referred to as?

Answer 40

Segment one

Question 41

The lateral segments of the left lobe are?

Answer 41

Segment 2 and 3

Question 42

What segment of the liver is seen as the medial segment?

Answer 42

Segment four

Question 43

What segments are the anterior segments of the liver

Answer 43

Segment five and eight

Question 44

What segments are the posterior segments of the lobe?

Answer 44

Six and seven

Question 45

What is the portal triad?

Answer 45

This is the idea that the body of each lobe always contains an hepatic artery bracket, portal vein branch and bile duct

Question 46

What is caput Medusae

Answer 46

The tributaries systematic veins around the umbilicus are distended

Question 47

What are some causes of hepatomegaly

Answer 47

Cholangitis Amoebiasis Malaria and kala azar

Question 48

What are some causes of hepatomegaly in kids

Answer 48

Hepatitis A, B, C Infectious mononucleosis Galactosemia Gaucher’s disease Sickle cell anemia Thalassemia Leukemia Lymphoma Anti tuberculosis meds

Question 49

What are some causes of hepatomegaly in adults?

Answer 49

HIV meds Corticosteroids Heart failure Fatty liver disease Inflammation Parasites Wilson’s disease

Question 50

What are the symptoms of hepatomegaly?

Answer 50

Feeling of fullness or bloating in the upper right abdomen Fatigue Nausea Dark urine light coloured stools Itchy skin Enlarged spleen Weight loss Changes in bowel habits

Question 51

What test are carried out for hepatomegaly

Answer 51

Lipid profile Complete blood test to show is there are excess white blood cells Liver function test Ct scan X rya

Question 52

What is the name given to the end stage liver disease in which normal liver conditions of the cells are destroy ed and replaced by fatty and fibrous tissue?

Answer 52

Cirrhosis

Question 53

What are some other feature of cirrhosis

Answer 53

Palmar erythema Splenomegaly Thrombocytopenia Testicular atrophy Gynecomastia Pectoral alopecia Edema in lower limbs

Question 54

What causes jaundice

Answer 54

High bilirubin levels causes the yellow appearance in skin and eyes This colour often indicates to an underlying disease such as abnormal heme metabolism, liver dysfunction or Hillary tract obstruction

Question 55

What is icterus

Answer 55

Jaundice

Question 56

Hepatocellular carcinoma typically develops when?

Answer 56

People have an underlying chronic long lasting liver disease caused by hepatitis virus infection

Question 57

What are Hyatid cysts

Answer 57

These are cyst in the liver caused by a parasitic infection by the larval stage of the echinoccus granulosus tapeworm

Question 58

What part of liver can hyatid cyst be found?

Answer 58

The right lobe