Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

NURS427 > Hepatitis > Flashcards

Hepatitis Flashcards

(57 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is viral hepatitis?

A

A relatively common systemic disease that primarily affects the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which viruses are responsible for different types of hepatitis?

A

Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the potential outcomes of hepatitis B and C infections?

A

Chronic liver disease, hepatic cancer, and liver failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of virus causes hepatitis A?

A

RNA virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of virus causes hepatitis B?

A

DNA virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the incubation period for hepatitis A?

A

30 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the primary route of transmission for hepatitis A?

A

Faecal–oral route

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Is there a vaccine available for hepatitis A?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the estimated number of people living with chronic hepatitis B in Australia?

A

More than 230,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the main route of transmission for hepatitis B?

A

Direct contact with blood and body fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the primary age group affected by hepatitis B?

A

Any age group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the vaccination schedule for hepatitis B in Australia?

A

Babies within 7 days of birth, and at 2, 4, and 6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the common clinical manifestation of hepatitis C?

A

Fatigue, malaise, and jaundice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What type of virus causes hepatitis C?

A

RNA virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a key characteristic of hepatitis D?

A

Requires simultaneous infection with hepatitis B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the primary route of transmission for hepatitis E?

A

Faecal–oral route

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the most specific diagnostic test for hepatitis B?

A

Blood test for HBsAg (hepatitis B surface antigen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the three phases of hepatitis clinical course?

A
  • Pre-icteric phase
  • Icteric phase
  • Recovery phase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is acute liver failure?

A

Severe impairment or necrosis of liver cells leading to potential liver failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are common initial signs of acute liver failure?

A
  • Anorexia
  • Vomiting
  • Abdominal pain
  • Progressive jaundice
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is chronic active hepatitis?

A

Persistence of clinical manifestations and liver inflammation after acute hepatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the treatment for chronic hepatitis?

A

Directed at suppressing viral replication with antiviral therapies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the role of interferon-alpha in hepatitis treatment?

Study These Flashcards
A

Antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis

24
Q

What is the estimated number of people living with chronic hepatitis C in Australia?

25
Fill in the blank: Hepatitis D is mainly transmitted by _______.
blood products and intravenous drug use
26
True or False: Hepatitis A can cause chronic liver disease.
False
27
What are the symptoms of the pre-icteric phase of hepatitis?
* Fatigue * Anorexia * Malaise * Nausea * Vomiting * Headache * Cough * Low-grade fever
28
What are the common clinical manifestations of chronic hepatitis?
* Malaise * Anorexia * Fever * Gastrointestinal bleeding * Hepatomegaly * Oedema * Transient joint pain
29
What is the role of vaccination in preventing hepatitis B and D?
Vaccination against hepatitis B protects against hepatitis D
30
What is the commonality of acute liver failure in hepatitis A compared to hepatitis B and C?
Rare in hepatitis A; common complication in hepatitis B and C
31
What are the liver function tests sensitive to?
Liver cell injury
32
What is the recommended action for healthcare workers regarding hepatitis?
Prophylaxis for those at risk for contact with infected body fluids
33
What are the most common indications for liver transplant in Australia?
Chronic infections from hepatitis B and C
34
What is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality associated with chronic hepatitis B infection?
Liver cirrhosis and cancer
35
How is the cost of treatment for hepatitis B and C for the individual?
Inexpensive, as most drugs are covered by the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS)
36
What limits drug use in the treatment of hepatitis?
Viral resistance
37
What is necessary as chronic hepatitis progresses to end-stage liver disease?
Transplantation becomes the only option
38
What is needed for the prevention of hepatitis?
Aggressive vaccination
39
What are the potential outcomes of chronic hepatitis B virus and C virus infections?
Cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma
40
What is the cure rate for chronic hepatitis C with simple oral antiviral therapies?
Up to 95% with minimal side effects
41
What is the standard of care duration for sustained virological response post-treatment?
12 weeks instead of 24 weeks
42
What is Zepatier composed of?
Grazoprevir 100 mg and elbasvir
43
Which genotypes is Zepatier approved for?
Genotype 1 and 4
44
What is Viekira Pak composed of?
Paritaprevir, ritonavir, ombitasvir, and dasabuvir
45
What is the mechanism of action of Viekira Pak?
Combines three direct-acting hepatitis C antiviral agents with distinct mechanisms
46
What is Harvoni indicated for?
Treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection in adults
47
What are Sovaldi and Daklinza used for?
Treatment of genotype-3 hepatitis C virus
48
What is seen as critical for the elimination of hepatitis C infection?
An effective vaccine
49
True or False: The first vaccine efficacy trial for chronic hepatitis C infection was successful.
False
50
What are some physical findings associated with liver disease? (List 3)
* Spider naevi * Palmer erythema * Muscle wasting
51
What are some clinical signs of hepatic encephalopathy? (List 2)
* Change in sleep-wake cycle * Confusion
52
What are abnormal liver function tests indicators? (List 3)
* Low platelets * High bilirubin * High transaminases
53
What are the best indicators of severity in liver function tests?
INR and Albumin
54
What does a non-invasive assessment of fibrosis rule out?
Advanced fibrosis
55
What are the imaging findings in liver disease? (List 2)
* Irregular outline * Enlarged portal vein
56
What is the primary management goal for cirrhosis?
Treat the underlying cause
57
What should be promoted to manage liver health?
Prevent further injury to the liver

NURS427 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions