high yield conditions

Question 1

Zinc deficiency?

Answer 1

• Red crusted lesions (Acrodermatitis), alopecia, short stature.

Question 2

Vitiligo?

Answer 2

• Autoimmune: associated with T1Dm, other autoimmune disorders.
• Loss of melanocytes: causes DEpigmentation of the skin.
• Koebner phenomenon: trauma could precipitate new lesions.
  Mx: Sunscreen for affected areas of skin, topical corticosteroids could reverse changes if applied early

Question 3

Venous ulcers:

Answer 3

• ABPI: Normal= 0.9-1.2, less than 0.9= arterial disease.
• Mx: Compression bandaging (is main one)

Question 4

Vasculitis: all 3 types (large, medium, small)

Answer 4

1. Large: Temporal Arteritis, Takayasu’s arteritis (2 t’s)
2. Medium: Polyarteritis Nodosa, Kawasaki disease (nodes)
3. Small: ANCA: GPA(granulomatosis with polyangitis), EGPA(eosinophilic), microscopic. Immune complex: HSP, Goodpasture’s syndrome

Question 5

Urticaria:

Answer 5

• Presents with: wheals, very itchy (pruritus)
  Mx: Non-sedating antihistamines (Loratidine/cetirizine): continue for up to 6 weeks after an acute episode.
• for very severe/resistant: prednisolone
• for night time; can use a sedating antihistamine (chlorphenamine).

Question 6

Tinea infections:
- Capitis: scalp
- Corporis: trunk, legs or arms
- Pedis: feet

Answer 6

Tinea: ringworm
- Mx: oral antifungals (terbinafine)= pathogen: Trichophyton Tonsurans