histo technique (lab)

Question 1

preparation of tissue slices or “slices” that can be examined visually through transmitted light

Answer 1

Histotechnique

Question 2

ideally, the tissue on the slide should have the same ________ as it had in the _____ .

Answer 2

structural features, body

Question 3

accessioning: what are the requirement of the specimen to be accepted.

Answer 3

-suitable container
-covered or closed
-large enough to hold the specimen without distortion
-adequate amount of fixative (submerged fully)
-properly labeled
-correct requisition form

Question 4

ratio of specimen to fixaive

Answer 4

1:20

Question 5

type of examination that cuts a small section of a specimen and placing in a plastic cassettes.

Answer 5

Gross examination

Question 6

who can perform the gross examination

Answer 6

Pathologist

Question 7

tissue processing

Answer 7

-fixation
-dehydration
-clearing
-infiltration
-embedding
-sectioning
-deparaffinization
-staining
-mounting

Question 8

tissue specimen is placed in solutions of chemicals that cross-link proteins and inactivate degradative cazymes

Answer 8

fixation

Question 9

duration process of fixation

Answer 9

12-72 hours

Question 10

type of fixatives

Answer 10

aldehydes:
-buffered isotonic 37% formaldehyde
-glutaraldehyde -electron microscopy
ALCOHOLS
*used for cytologic smears
-methanol (blood smear)
-ethanol (pap smear)

Question 11

an optional tissue process if the specimen contains/has calcium

Answer 11

Decalcification

Question 12

duration of the decalcification

Answer 12

days to weeks

Question 13

decalcifying agents

Answer 13

Strong mineral acids
-nitric acids (most common)
-hydrochloric acid
weak organic acids
-formic acid
-trichloroacetic acid
Chelating agents
-EDTA

Question 14

type of tissue process where water is extracted gradually by transfers through a series of increasing Ethanol solutions.

Answer 14

Dehydration

Question 15

what is the concentration of the ethanol that the specimen should be dipped at

Answer 15

70%

Question 16

what is the order of the ethanol concentration

Answer 16

70%,90%,100%

Question 17

type of process that give the tissue a translucent appearance

Answer 17

clearing

Question 18

type of clearing agents

Answer 18

-xylene
-toluene

Question 19

what is the most common clearing agent

Answer 19

xylene

Question 20

type of tissue process that place the specimen in a melted paraffin in an oven

Answer 20

Infiltration/Impregnation

Question 21

this step of Histotechnique evaporated the cleaning solvent

Answer 21

Infiltration/Impregnation

Question 22

type of automated processing machine

Answer 22

-tissue transfer machine/ rotary type
-fluid transfer machine/ vacuum type

Question 23

specimen is placed in a mold then filled with melted paraffin wax. what type of tissue processing?

Answer 23

Embedding

Question 24

this process ensure proper orientation of the specimen

Answer 24

embedding

Question 25

type of process that the block is placed in microtome for cutting

Answer 25

sectioning

Question 26

what should be the thickness of the specimen to view in a light microscopy

Answer 26

3-10 um

Question 27

what should be the thickness of the specimen to view in a electron microscopy

Answer 27

<1 um

Question 28

type of tissue process that removes the paraffin from the slide

Answer 28

deparaffinization

Question 29

type of tissue process that highlights the important features of the tissue as well as to enhance the tissue contrast.

Answer 29

staining

Question 30

anionic (negative charge)

Answer 30

basophilic

Question 31

cationic (positive charge)

Answer 31

acidophilic

Question 32

what is the most common used for tissue stain

Answer 32

Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E)

Question 33

type of stain that highlights a tissue that contains glycogen & mucin

Answer 33

Periodic acid schiff (PAS) reaction

Question 34

type of stain that highlights tissue that has lipids

Answer 34

Sudan Black

Question 35

stain for silver and gold

Answer 35

metal impregnation

Question 36

type of tissue process the protects the specimen with glass coverslip with clear adhesive.

Answer 36

mounting

Question 37

Duration of fixatation if specimen is small

Answer 37

2-4hrs