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Spanish: Easy Spanish Reader > Historia de México 2 > Flashcards

Historia de México 2 Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

The Olmeca civilization is known for their (the) impressive colossal heads.

A

La civilización olmeca es conocida por las impresionantes cabezas colosales.

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2
Q

The Mayans are known for their temples, their hieroglyphics, and their mathematics.

A

Los mayas son conocidos por sus templos, sus jeroglíficos y sus matemáticas.

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3
Q

The Aztecs are known (2) for their temples and their calendar.

A

Los aztecas se conocen (son conocidos) por sus templos y su calendario.

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4
Q

The powerful Aztecs dominated the region of Mexico when Hernando Cortez arrived in the year 1519.

A

Los poderosos aztecas dominaban la región de México cuando llegó Hernán Cortés en el año 1519.

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5
Q

When Cortez sank all of the ships, the soldiers had no other option except to conquer Mexico or to die.

A

Cuando Cortés hundió todos los barcos, los soldados no tuvieron otra opción sino conquistar México o morir.

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6
Q

prior (before, anterior) century; following century: For many prior centuries, advanced civilizations inhabited the country (Mexico).

A

siglo anterior; siglo siguiente: Por muchos siglos anteriores, civilizaciones avanzadas habitaron el país (México).

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7
Q

The Spaniards filled with (of) greed.

A

Los españoles se llenaron de codicia.

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8
Q

Some of the indigenous nations formed alliances with the Spanish capitan.

A

Algunas de las naciones indígenas formaron alianzas con el capitán español.

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9
Q

Was Marina (La Malinche) [a] heroine or [a] traitor?

A

¿Marina (La Malinche) era heroína o traidora?

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10
Q

What did Cortez do with the boats? He sank them. Why? So (then) the soldiers would have to conquer Mexico or die.

A

¿Qué hizo Cortés con los barcos? Los hundió. ¿Por qué? Entonces los soldados tendrían que conquistar México o morirían.

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11
Q

cannon, cannons

A

el cañon, los cañones

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12
Q

the servant, the servants; numerous servants

A

el sirviente, los sirvientes; numerosos sirvientes

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13
Q

The Totonacos were dominated by (under the domination of) Montezuma.

A

Los totonacos estaban bajo el dominio de Moctezuma.

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14
Q

Cortez realized (became aware) that he could take advantage of the situation.

A

Cortés se dio cuenta de que podía aprovecharse de la situación.

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15
Q

The chiefs were living in enormous residences with beautiful gardens.

A

Los caiques vivían en residencias enormes con jardines hermosos.

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16
Q

to fight battles against: The army of Cortez had to fight various battles against numerous forces of indigenous people.

A

luchar batallas contra: El ejército de Cortés tuvo que luchar varias batallas contra fuerzas numerosas de indígenas.

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17
Q

warriors, combatants

A

los guerreros

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18
Q

to defeat

A

derrotar

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19
Q

¿Por qué pudieron los españoles derrotar a sus enemigos? (3 razones) (arms, allies, gods)

A
  1. Ellos tenían armas superiores.
  2. Ellos tenían aliados indígenas.
  3. Muchos indígenas creían que los españoles eran dioses.
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20
Q

¿Cómo se llamaba la capital azteca?

A

La capital azteca se llamaba Tenochtitlán.

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21
Q

¿Cómo recibieron los totonacos a los españoles? (They were friendly to (with) the Spaniards.)

A

Los totonacos eran amistosos con los españoles.

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22
Q

Montezuma wanted Cortez to leave Mexico.

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A

Moctezuma quería que Cortez se fuera de México.

23
Q

Montezuma sent gifts to Cortez because he thought the Spaniards were gods, and he was afraid of them.

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A

Moctezuma envió regalos a Cortés porque pensaba que los españoles eran dioses y los temía.

24
Q

Cortez and the emperor exchanged gifts.

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A

Cortés y el emperador intercambiaron regalos.

25
At the time (in the epoch) of the arrival of the Spaniards, Tenochtitlan was a large and beautiful city.
En la época de la llegada de los españoles, Tenochtitlán era una ciudad grande y hermosa.
26
In (for the) general, the houses were (of) only one (one only) story (floor) and were constructed with adobe or rock.
Por lo general, las casas eran de un solo piso y estaban construidas con adobe o piedra.
27
The largest buildings were the temples of the Aztec gods.
Los edificios más grandes eran los templos de los dioses aztecas.
28
on the top; to burn (flame): On the top of the temple burned a flame.
en la cima; arder: En la cima del templo ardía una llama.
29
Near the flame there were altars on (the) which were sacrificed human victims.
Cerca de la llama habían altares en los cuales se sacrificaban víctimas humanas.
30
For (in) the (their) most part, the victims were prisoners of war.
En su mayor parte, las víctimas eran prisioneros de guerra.
31
To guarantee his security, Cortez captured Montezuma..
Para garantizar su seguridad, Cortés capturó a Moctezuma.
32
Montezuma received visits (the visit) from the nobles and from his friends, but he was not able to leave (from) the palace.
Moctezuma recibía la visita de los nobles y de sus amigos, pero no podía salir del palacio.
33
to dare: The Aztecs did not dare to fight (against) the Spaniards because they feared that they would kill their emperor.
atreverse: Los aztecas no se atrevían a pelear contra los españoles porque temían que mataran a su emperador.
34
The Spaniards began to fear that the Aztecs were planning to kill them.
Los españoles empezaron a temer que los aztecas estuvieran planeando matarlos.
35
fleet: a fleet arrives
la flota: llega una flota
36
Cortés received news of the arrival in (to) Veracruz of a Spanish fleet.
Cortés recibió noticias de la llegada a Veracruz de una flota española.
37
Velásquez was [the] governor of Cuba and the ancient enemy of Cortés.
Velásquez era gobernador de Cuba y antiguo enemigo de Cortés.
38
900 soldiers: Velásquez had sent to Veracruz a fleet of 11 ships with 900 soldiers, under the command of (2) Pánfilo de Narváez.
novecientos soldados: Velásquez había enviado a Veracruz una flota de 11 barcos con 900 soldados al mando de (bajo el mando de) Pánfilo de Narváez.
39
Narváez had orders to capture Cortés and send him back to Cuba.
Narváez tenía órdenes de capturar a Cortés y enviarlo de vuelta a Cuba.
40
to confront [“in” front]: Cortés decided to go to Veracruz and confront Narváez.
enfrentar: Cortés decidió ir a Veracruz y enfrentar a Narváez.
41
Narváez moved his army to Cempoala.
Narváez movió su ejército a Cempoala.
42
Battle of Cempoala: Who won the battle? Cortés launched an attack during the night and succeeded [in] taking the city.
Batalla de Cempoala: ¿Quién ganó la batalla? Cortés lanzó un ataque por la noche y logró tomar la ciudad.
43
Cortés returned to the capital.
Cortés regresó a la capital.
44
The soldiers of Narváez that were captured enlisted in the army of Cortés.
Los soldados de Narváez que fueron capturados se alistaron en el ejército de Cortés.
45
the slaughter (killing): Another cruel slaughter
la matanza: Otra cruel matanza
46
the absence: During the absence of Cortez from the capital, Alvarado wanted to show the Aztecs the power of the Spanish forces.
la ausencia: Durante la ausencia de Cortés de la capital, Alvarado quiso mostrar a los aztecas el poder de las fuerzas españolas.
47
Cortez left some of his soldiers in the capital under the command of Captain Pedro de Alvarado.
Cortés dejó algunos de sus soldados en la capital bajo el mando del capitán Pedro de Alvarado.
48
Alvarado killed 600 of the Aztec nobles.
Alvarado mató a 600 de los nobles aztecas.
49
to revolt; en masse: The other Aztecs revolted en masse against the conquistadors.
sublevarse; en masa: Los otros aztecas se sublevaron en masa contra los conquistadores.
50
assassinated: Six Spaniards were assassinated.
asesinado: Seis españoles fueron asesinados.
51
Alvarado sent a message to Cortez in Veracruz, informing him of the dangerous situation in the capital.
Alvarado envió un mensaje a Cortés en Veracruz, informándole de la situación peligrosa en la capital.
52
The emperor dies
Muere el emperador
53
to make peace (“peaces”): Cortez tried to make peace with the Aztecs.
hacer las paces: Cortés trató de hacer las paces con los aztecas.
54
infuriated; cowardice: The Aztec people were so infuriated by the cowardice of their emperor that they threw rocks at him.
enfurecido/a; la cobardía: El pueblo azteca estaba tan enfurecido por la cobardía de su emperador que le tiró piedras.

Spanish: Easy Spanish Reader (12 decks)

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