HIV and AIDS

Question 1

complex retrovirus

Answer 1

HIV

Question 2

structural protein; forms virion

Answer 2

gag

Question 3

protease

Answer 3

pro

Question 4

reverse transcriptase (RT) and integrase

Answer 4

pol

Question 5

envelope glycoprotein

Answer 5

env

Question 6

HIV initial attachment via interaction between

Answer 6

Env and CD4

Question 7

HIV possible coreceptors

Answer 7

CCR5 or CXCR4

Question 8

new virions must ______ before entering another cell

Answer 8

mature

Question 9

triggers membrane fusion, which releases capsid into the cytoplasm

Answer 9

coreceptor

Question 10

Reverse transcription of viral genome. ______ is transported to the nucleus

Answer 10

vDNA

Question 11

nuclear import/export of viral nucleic acids allow the virus to

Answer 11

constantly replicate

Question 12

number of ways to splice the RNA

Answer 12

9

Question 13

integration of vDNA leads to

Answer 13

stable proviral intermediate

Question 14

components that extend beyond the glycan shield are highly variable

Answer 14

sequence variability

Question 15

HIV factors designed to evade the immune system

Answer 15

1. glycan shield

2. sequency variability

Question 16

glycosylation sites; 50% of the molecular weight is carbohydrate

Answer 16

Glycan shield

Question 17

glycosylation carried out by

Answer 17

host ER

Question 18

constant replication leads to extensive genetic variation of the virus and to eventual loss of target CD4+ T cells, leading to

Answer 18

AIDS

Question 19

primary infection of HIV leads to a drop in

Answer 19

CD4+ cells and proliferation of virions

Question 20

persistence is due to

Answer 20

constant replication of the virus

Question 21

cells that live much longer after infection

Answer 21

latently infected

Question 22

constant replication leads to

Answer 22

extensive genetic variation

Question 23

system remains in a _______ state for thousands of replication cycles

Answer 23

quasi-stable

Question 24

ART

Answer 24

reduces replication not curative

Question 25

fusion inhibitors, co-receptor antagonists

Answer 25

entry inhibitors

Question 26

NRTI/NNRTI

Answer 26

RT inhibitors

Question 27

AnSTI and ALLINI

Answer 27

integration inhibitors

Question 28

protease inhibitors

Answer 28

maturation inhibitor

Question 29

ART bloks infection and formation of the pro-virus, but has no effect

Answer 29

on cells that are already infected

Question 30

a few CD4+ cells become persistently infected with non-expressed latent proviruses leading to

Answer 30

infection if therapy is stopped