Flashcards in HM Manual CH. 18 Pharmacy Deck (28)
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United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary (USPS-NF)
Sets standards for the quality, purity, strength and consistency
1
What ACT designates the USPS-NF as the official reference for meds marketed in the U.S.?
The U.S. Federal Food, Medication and Cosmetics Act
2
What reference is easy to use for clinicians for quick and concise med information?
Drug Information Handbook
3
What is the most widely used text/reference also known as the "blue bible" of pharmacology?
Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy
4
What is "dose"?
The amount of med to be administered.
5
Average therapeutic doses are known as?
"Usual adult dose"
6
What is dosage range?
Min and max amounts of a med required to produce the desired effect.
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Minimum dose?
Least amount of med to produce therapeutic effect.
8
Maximum dose?
Largest amount of med given without reaching toxic effect.
9
Therapeutic dose is calculated on an average male of?
24yrs and weighs 150pds
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Minimum lethal dose
Least amount of med that can produce death.
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What two primary factors affect dosage?
Age and weight
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What is the most common factor?
Age
13
What is the formula for Young's rule?
Age in years/age in years +12 X AD dose = child dose
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What has a more direct bearing on dose than any other factor?
Weight
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What is the formula for Clark's rule?
Weight in pds/150 X AD = Child's Dose
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What are some other factors that influence dosage?
Sex, race, habitual use, time and mode.
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What are the most common routes of administering meds?
Oral(enteral) and Injection(parental)
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What is the MOST common method of administering meds?
Oral
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What is sublingual?
Meds administered by placing under the tongue.
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What is buccal?
Meds administered by placing between the cheek and gum.
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Methods of parental administration are:
Subcutaneous, intradermal, intramuscular, intravenous.
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I.V. Administration advantages over other routes are:
Most rapid onset, not able to take oral.
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Disadvantages of I.V. are:
Error in dose are magnified, risk of infection, real or psychological pain, must be sterile.
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What are the three types of inhalation?
Vaporization, gas inhalation, nebulization.
25
Topical meds serve what two purposes?
Local effect - relieve itching, burning
Systemic effect - absorbed into the bloodstream
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Examples if topicals:
Ointments, creams, lotions and shampoos.
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