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HNS-3 Flashcards

(107 cards)

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1
Q

Which nerve are the facial muscles innervated by

A

Branches of the facial nerve (CN7):
- Temporal
- Zygomatic
- Buccal
- Mandibular
- Cervical

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2
Q

Does the facial nerve innervate the parotid gland

A

NO

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3
Q

What type of joint is the temporomandibular joint?

A

Synovial

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4
Q

What is the function of the TMJ

A

Moving mandible (jaw) up and down for mastication

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5
Q

How are the muscles of MASTICATION innervated?

A

by the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve

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6
Q

What are the 4 main movements of the mandible

A
  • Protrusion
  • Retraction
  • Elevation
  • Depression
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7
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the temporalis muscle

A

ORIGIN: temporal fossa
INSERTION: Coronoid process of the mandible

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8
Q

What movements does the temporalis allow?

A

Elevation and retraction

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9
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the masseter muscle

A

ORIGIN: zygomatic arch
INSERTION: Lateral surface of ramus and angle of mandible

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10
Q

What movements does the masseter allow?

A

Elevates muscle ( involved in forced closure of the mouth)

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11
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the lateral pterygoid muscle

A

ORIGIN: Sphenoid bone
INSERTION: Neck of mandible

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12
Q

What movements does the LPtM allow

A

Depression and protraction (OPENING MOUTH)

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13
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the medial pterygoid muscle?

A

ORIGIN: lateral pterygoid plate
INSERTION: angle of mandible

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14
Q

Whatt movements does the medial pterygoid muscle allow

A

Elevation
Protraction
Lateral movement (for chewing and grinding)

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15
Q

What is number 1 on this diagram of the facial muscles?

A

Frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle

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16
Q

What is number 2 on this diagram of the facial muscles?

A

Corrugator supercilli muscle (for eyebrow)

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17
Q

What is number 3 on this diagram of the facial muscles?

A

Palpebral part of the orbicularis oculi muscle

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18
Q

What is number 4a on this diagram of the facial muscles?

A

Transverse part of nasalis muscle

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19
Q

What is number 4b on this diagram of the facial muscles?

A

Alar part of the nasalis muscle

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20
Q

What is number 5 on this diagram of the facial muscles?

A

Levator labii superioris alaeque muscle

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21
Q

What is number 6 on this diagram of the facial muscles?

A

Levator labii superioris muscle

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22
Q

What is number 7 on this diagram of the facial muscles?

A

Zygomaticus major muscle

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23
Q

What is number 8 on this diagram of the facial muscles?

A

Levator anguli oris muscle

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24
Q

What is number 9 on this diagram of the facial muscles?

A

Parotid duct

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25
What is number 10 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Orbicularis oris muscle
26
What is number 11 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Masseter muscle
27
What is number 12 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Depressor anguli oris muscle
28
What is number 13 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Mentalis muscle
29
What is number 14 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
30
What is number 15 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Procerus
31
What is number 16 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Depressor supercilli muscle
32
What is number 17 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Orbital part of the orbicularis oculi muscle
33
What is number 18 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Zygomaticus minor
34
What is number 19 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Buccinator muscle
35
What is number 20 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Risorius
36
What is number 21 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Depressor labii inferioris muscle
37
What is number 22 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Platysma muscle
38
What is number 23 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Galea aponeurotica
39
What is number 24 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Temporoparietalis muscle
40
What is number 25 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Occipital belly occipitofrontalis muscle
41
What is number 26 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Parotid gland w fascia
42
What is number 27 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Temporal fascia
43
What is number 28 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Orbicularis oculi muscle
44
What is number 29 on this diagram of the facial muscles?
Parotid duct and masseter muscle
45
What nerve innervates the uvula?
vagus nerve
46
If there is a lesion in the vagus nerve what happens to the uvula?
It will deviate to the OPPOSITE side of the lesion EG. if lesion is on the right the uvula will deviate to the left
47
What is number 1 on this diagram of the mouth
Palatopharageal fold
48
What is number 2 on this diagram of the mouth
Palatine tonsil
49
What is number 3 on this diagram of the mouth
Palatoglossal fold
50
What is number 4 on this diagram of the mouth
Posterior wall of oropharynx
51
What is number 5 on this diagram of the mouth
Uvula
52
How does the tongue help to break food down
It pushes food onto the hard palate
53
What are the three sets of muscles in the pharynx?
Superior, middle and inferior constrictors
54
What nerves provide sensory info from the pharynx
**The pharyngeal plexus:** - CN9 - Glossopharyngeal - CN10 - Vagus
55
What nerves provide motor innervation for the pharynx
CN10- Vagus (pharyngeal branch) some from CN11-Accessory nerve
56
How do the constrictors of the pharynx aid swallowing?
They contract sequentially from top to bottom to move a bolus of food through the pharynx
57
What is number 1 on this diagram of the pharynx
Nasopharynx
58
What is number 2 on this diagram of the pharynx
Oropharynx
59
What is number 3 on this diagram of the ph
Laryngopharynx
60
What is number 4 on this diagram of the pharynx
Oesophagus
61
What is number 5 on this diagram of the pharynx
Soft palate
62
What is number 6 on this diagram of the pharynx
Uvula
63
What is number 7 on this diagram of the pharynx
Tongue
64
What is number 8 on this diagram of the pharynx
Epiglottis
65
What is number 9 on this diagram of the pharynx
Laryngeal inlet
66
What is number 10 on this diagram of the pharynx
Piriform fossa
67
What are the three salivary glands?
- Parotid gland - Submandibular gland - Sublingual gland
68
What type of saliva is produced by each salivary gland?
Parotid - serous Submandibular - serous Sublingual - Mucous
69
Describe the passage of saliva from the parotid gland into the mouth?
- Saliva exits the parotid glad via the parotid gland and enters mouth via the upper part of the mouth
70
What nerve innervates the parotid gland?
CN9 - Glossopharyngeal
71
What nerve innervates the submandibular gland?
CN7 - Facial nerve
72
What nerve innervates the sublingual gland?
CN7 - Facial nerve
73
What nerve innervates the muscles that control the movement of the tongue
CN12- Hypoglossal nerve
74
If there is a lesion in a branch of the hypoglossal nerve what happens to the tongue?
The tongue will deviate towards the site of the lesion. Eg. if there is a lesion on the right side the tongue will deviate to the right.
75
What is number 1 on this diagram of the tongue?
Palatoglossus
76
What is number 2 on this diagram of the tongue?
Styloglossus
77
What is number 3 on this diagram of the tongue?
Lingual nerve
78
What is number 4 on this diagram of the tongue?
Submandibular ganglion
79
What is number 5 on this diagram of the tongue?
Hyoid bone
80
What is number 6 on this diagram of the tongue?
Hypoglossal nerve
81
What is number 7 on this diagram of the tongue?
Genioglossus
82
What is number 8 on this diagram of the tongue?
Mandible
83
What is number 9 on this diagram of the tongue?
Tongue
84
What nerve relays touch sensation in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
Trigeminal nerve -CN5
85
What nerve relays touch sensation in the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glossopharyngeal nerve - CN9
86
What nerve relays taste sensation in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
Facial nerve CN7
87
What nerve relays taste sensation in the posterior 2/3 of the tongue
Glossopharyngeal nerve CN9
88
Recall the mapping of umami flavours on the tongue
All over the tongue
89
Recall the mapping of sour flavours on the tongue
Lateral parts of the tongue
90
Recall the mapping of bitter flavours on the tongue
Back of the tongue (posterior part)
91
Recall the mapping of sweet flavours on the tongue
Anterior part of tongue
92
Recall the mapping of salty flavours on the tongue
Tip of the tongue
93
What is the first stage of swallowing?
Oral preparatory phase: - Food/liquids chewed and formed into a bolus - Bolus held on centre of tongue - Lip, jaw, tongue and palate sensory and motor function needed
94
What nerves innervate the first stage of swallowing?
- Trigeminal - Facial nerve - Glossopharyngeal - Vagus - Hypoglossal
95
Is the first stage of swallowing voluntary or involuntary?
Voluntary
96
What is the 2nd stage of swallowing?
**Oral transit** - Bolus propelled to back of mouth - Palate seals entrance to nasal cavity - Lip, jaw, tongue and palate sensory and motor function needed - Airway is open
97
What nerves innervate the 2nd stage of swallowing?
- Trigeminal - Facial - Glossopharyngeal - Vagus - Hypoglossal
98
Is the 2nd stage of swallowing voluntary or involuntary?
Voluntary
99
What is the 3rd stage of swallowing?
**Pharyngeal phase 1** -Triggered when bolus reaches faucial arch (palatoglossal fold area) - Palate stays elevated - Tongue retracts to push bolus to pharynx - Tongue, palate and laryngeal sensory and motor function needed - Airway **closed**
100
What nerves innervate the 3rd stage of swallowing?
- Glossopharyngeal - Vagus - Hypoglossal
101
Is the 3rd stage of swallowing voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary - reflex action
102
What is the 4th stage of swallowing?
**Pharyngeal phase 2** - Bolus propelled through pharynx - Tongue, palate and laryngeal sensory and motor function needed - Airway closed by epiglottis, vocal cords and arytenoid action
103
What nerves innervate the 4th stage of swallowing?
- Glossopharyngeal - Vagus - Hypoglossal
104
Is the 4th stage of swallowing voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary - Reflex action
105
What is the 5th stage of swallowing?
- Oesophagus opens - Airway closed - Breath held - Bolus propelled through oesophagus - Respiration then resumes with an exhalation, to clear any food particles from airway entrance
106
What nerves innervate the 5th stage of swallowing?
- Glossopharyngeal - Vagus
107
Is the 4th stage of swallowing voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary - Reflex action

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