Hormonal Drugs

Question 1

Name an anxiolytic drug group

Answer 1

Benzodiazepines

Question 2

What are benzodiazepines used for?

Answer 2

Treat phobias, anxiety and as an appetite stimulant.. May cause aggression

Question 3

How do benzodiazepines work?

Answer 3

Potentiates GABA

Question 4

At which doses do benzodiazepines do what?

Answer 4

Low dose causes sedation, moderate dose is for antianxiety, and high dose causes sleep

Question 5

What are adverse effects of benzodiazepines?

Answer 5

Tolerance, ataxia,, increased muscle spasticity, hepatotoxicity in cats

Question 6

Name. A benzodiazepine drug

Answer 6

Diazepam, -lams and pams

Question 7

What is the reversal for benzodiazepines?

Answer 7

Flumazenil

Question 8

Name a partial serotonin agonist drug group and a drug

Answer 8

Azapirone, Buspirone

Question 9

What is Buspirone used for?

Answer 9

Treat urine spraying, psychogenic alopecia, and feline anxiety associated aggression

Question 10

Which drug is used to treat diabetes insipidus?

Answer 10

Vasopressin

Question 11

What are adverse effects of Vasopressin?

Answer 11

Abdominal pain and pain at the injection site

Question 12

What are the 2 Posterior Pituitary hormones?

Answer 12

Vasopressin and Oxytocin

Question 13

What are the 2 Posterior Pituitary hormones?

Answer 13

Vasopressin and Oxytocin

Question 14

What does Desmopressin do?

Answer 14

Cause antidiuretic activity but doesnt effect Na or K secretion.

Question 15

What does oxytocin do?

Answer 15

Stimulates smooth muscle contraction of the uterus and mammary glands. Has no meat or milk withdrawal time.

Question 16

What 2 parts of the heat cycle is the follicular phase?

Answer 16

Proestrus and estrus

Question 17

Which part of the heat cycle does FSH increase?

Answer 17

Proestrus

Question 18

During Metestrus, what forms in the ovary and produces progesterone?

Answer 18

Corpus luteum

Question 19

Which hormone maintains pregnancy?

Answer 19

Progesterone

Question 20

What parts of the heat cycle is the luteal phase?

Answer 20

Metestrus and diestrus

Question 21

Which hormone is secreted by the corpus luteum and inhibits estrus?

Answer 21

Progesterone

Question 22

How does insulin get into cells?

Answer 22

Pinocytosis and phagocytosis

Question 23

What are adverse effects of insulin?

Answer 23

Hypoglycemia, insulin induced hyperglycemia, ataxia, seizures, weakness, local reaction

Question 24

What are the 2 FDA approved types of insulin?

Answer 24

Porcine and human recombinant

Question 25

Name an oral insulin drug

Answer 25

Glipizide

Question 26

What are signs of hypothyroidism?

Answer 26

Dull coat, alopecia, weight gain, intolerance to cold, skin and reproductive issues and listlessness

Question 27

What drug is used to treat hypothyroidism?

Answer 27

T4 (levothyroxine)

Question 28

What are signs of hyperthyroidism?

Answer 28

Weight loss, tachycardia, high energy, increased metabolism and nervous system action

Question 29

What drug is used to treat hyperthyroidism?

Answer 29

Methimazole

Question 30

What are adverse effects of Methimazole?

Answer 30

Hepatotoxicity, vomiting, anorexia

Question 31

What are signs of Addison's disease (hypoadrenocorticism)?

Answer 31

PU/PD, weakness, vomiting, anorexia

Question 32

How is Addison's disease treated?

Answer 32

With DOCP, a long acting mineralocorticoid

Question 33

What are signs of Cushing's disease (hyperadrenocorticism)?

Answer 33

PU/PD, hair loss, pendulous abdomen.

Question 34

What is an iatrogenic cause of Cushing's disease?

Answer 34

Giving excessive glucocorticoids

Question 35

What 2 drugs are used to treat Cushing's disease?

Answer 35

Mitotane and Trilostane

Question 36

What are adverse effects of Mitotane?

Answer 36

Lethargy, diarrhea, neuropathy, vomiting

Question 37

Which drug is used to treat pituitary dependent Cushing's disease?

Answer 37

Trilostane

Question 38

What is an adverse effect of Trilostane and who should it be used in caution with?

Answer 38

Electrolyte imbalance, use in caution in patients with renal/hepatic disease

Question 39

Name an anabolic steroid for a horse

Answer 39

Boldenone

Question 40

What is Estriol commonly used for?

Answer 40

Treat estrogen responsive incontinence and dermatosis

Question 41

Which drug is commonly used in mares to suppress estrus and promote synchronization?

Answer 41

Altrenogest

Question 42

Which female hormone should pregnant women and asthmatics avoid handling?

Answer 42

Prostaglandins

Question 43

What do prostaglandins do and what are they used for?

Answer 43

Cause lysis of the CL, treats pyometra, and aborts fetuses

Question 44

What are 2 examples of commonly used prostaglandin drugs?

Answer 44

Dinoprost and Cloprosterol

Question 45

What hormone is given as an ear implant to increase growth in cattle?

Answer 45

Testosterone

Question 46

Name 3 anxiolytic supplements

Answer 46

L-theanine, Tryptophan and Alpha Casozepine

Question 47

What does L-theanine do?

Answer 47

Increases GABA, serotonin and dopamine

Question 48

What is Alpha Casozepine used for?

Answer 48

Reducing fear related aggression and autonomic disorders

Question 49

What is L/Tryptophan used for?

Answer 49

To treat repetitive vocalization and aggression in cats

Question 50

What do probiotics treat behaviorally?

Answer 50

Excessive vocalization, jumping, spinning, panting, pacing, trembling, convulsive licking and house soiling

Question 51

What is gabapentin used for?

Answer 51

Anticonvulsant, analgesic and anxiolytic

Question 52

What does the antidepressant TCA do?

Answer 52

Interferes with the reuptake of neurotransmitters by the presynaptic cell and increases them at the post synaptic receptors.. It inhibits serotonin and NE reuptake

Question 53

What are TCA's used to treat?

Answer 53

Separation anxiety, pruritus and compulsion

Question 54

What are adverse effects of TCA's?

Answer 54

Anticholinergic, liver and thyroid damage

Question 55

Name a TCA drug and what it treats

Answer 55

Clomipramine. Treats urine spraying and feather plucking

Question 56

Name an SSRI drug and what it treats

Answer 56

Fluoxetine, treats aggression, anxiety, phobias, compulsion, inappropriate elimination in cats

Question 57

Name an SARI drug and what it does

Answer 57

Trazodone, causes increase in serotonin concentration at nerve synapse by inhibiting serotonin reuptake

Question 58

What is Trazadone used to treat?

Answer 58

To manage anxiety in post surgical confined spaces and prior to vet visits. Used as an adjunctive treatment with TCAs and SSRIs

Question 59

What do MAOI drugs do?

Answer 59

Inhibits the monoamine oxidase enzyme, thus reducing destruction of NE, epinephrine, dopamine and serotonin

Question 60

Name an MAOI drug, what it does and what it treats

Answer 60

Selegiline, blocks dopamine reuptake, treats cognitive dysfunction in dogs

Question 61

What is DeX used to treat behaviorally? When should it not be used?

Answer 61

Noise phobias and shrapnel effect. Dont use in severe cardiovascular, respiratory, liver or kidney disease or stress due to extreme heat, cold or fatigue

Question 62

What is Melatonin used to treat?

Answer 62

Seasonal flank alopecia, sleep cycle disorders, phobias, separation anxiety

Question 63

Name 3 pheromones

Answer 63

Dog appeasing pheromone Feline facial pheromone Equine appeasing pheromone

Question 64

Which drug is available as an oromucosal gel to treat noise phobias?

Answer 64

Dex

Question 65

What drug can cause diabetes mellitus with use?

Answer 65

Medroxyprogesterone acetate

Question 66

How can adrenal cortex dysfunction be diagnosed?

Answer 66

By measuring cortisol levels before and after administering ACTH

Question 67

Which insulin form is used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis and to stabilize BG in newly diabetic patients?

Answer 67

Regular crystalline insulin