Musculoskeletal Drugs

Question 1

What is a neurotransmitter junction?

Answer 1

Where motor nerve fiber connects to muscle

Question 2

What inactivates acetylcholine?

Answer 2

Acetylcholinesterase

Question 3

What do neuromuscular blocking agents do?

Answer 3

Paralyze muscles by disrupting the transmission of nerve impulses from motor nerves to skeletal muscle fibers

Question 4

What do primary myopathies affect and what are clinical signs?

Answer 4

Sarcolemma and/or muscle fibers.

Complete paralysis, paresis, or ataxia

Question 5

Wht do anti-inflammatory drugs do?

Answer 5

Reduce pain, inflammation, redness, swelling and heat

Question 6

What is a naturally anti-inflammatory chemical?

Answer 6

Glucocorticoids

Question 7

Once competitive nonpolarizer drugs aren’t needed, what must be given to reverse it?

Answer 7

Antidote

Question 8

What is another word for competitive nonpolarizers?

Answer 8

Neuro muscular blocker

Question 9

Which neuromuscular blocker can be used in kidney disease and has little cardiovascular effects?

Answer 9

Atracurium

Question 10

Which antidote competes with ACh for aChE?

Answer 10

Neostigmine

Question 11

Which antidote is used to diagnose myasthenia gravis and is very short acting?

Answer 11

Edrophonium

Question 12

What do antidotes, or anti cholinesterase agents, do?

Answer 12

Competes with ACh for AChE to allow more ACh into the muscle site and reverse the competitive nonpolarizer

Question 13

What is another name for a depolarizing drug?

Answer 13

Noncompetitive neuromuscular blocker

Question 14

Name a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker drug

Answer 14

Succinylcholine

Question 15

What are adverse effects of AChE drugs?

Answer 15

SLUDDE

Question 16

What do neuromuscular blockers not do? What are adverse effects?

Answer 16

Provide analgesia or sedation

Respiratory paralysis and/or cardiac collapse

Question 17

What is Guifenesin used for? What does it not effect?

Answer 17

Adjunct in anesthesia mainly in horses. Does not effect diaphragm or respiratory function.

Question 18

What do spasmolytics do?

Answer 18

Treat acute episodes of muscular spasticity associated with neurological and musculoskeletal disorders

Question 19

What does Diazepam do?

Answer 19

Increases turnover of ACh in the brain, is a centrally acting muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant and anxiolytic

Question 20

Which drug is used to prevent and treat malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 20

Dantrolene

Question 21

What drug is used to treat postanesthetic myositis in horses and treat urethral obstruction in dogs & cats?

Answer 21

Dantrolene

Question 22

What is methocarbomol for?

Answer 22

Adjunctive therapy for inflammatory and traumatic conditions of skeletal muscle and reduce muscle spasms. It is a centrally acting relaxant and does not decrease muscle tone.

Question 23

Name a spasmolytic drug

Answer 23

Methocarbomol

Question 24

Which drug inhibits calcium release from the muscle?

Answer 24

Dantrolene

Question 25

How is ACh normally deactivated at the neuromuscular junction?

Answer 25

It is inactivated by AChE

Question 26

What neuromuscular blocker drug has a lower potency in horses?

Answer 26

Vecuronium

Question 27

Name 2 neuromuscular blocker drugs

Answer 27

Atracurium and Vecuronium

Question 28

What is another term for neuromuscular blockers?

Answer 28

Curarizing agents

Question 29

Name 3 antidote drugs

Answer 29

Neostigmine, Pyridostigmine, Edrophonium

Question 30

What drug is used to treat rumen atony?

Answer 30

Neostigmine

Question 31

Which drug has a long duration of action than Neostigmine and comes in tablet form?

Answer 31

Pyridoxine

Question 32

Which depolarizing neuromuscular blocker drug doesnt need an antidote?

Answer 32

Succinylcholine

Question 33

What do depolarizing neuromuscular blockers do?

Answer 33

Mimic the action of Ach in the muscle fibers, prolonging their action because they aren't destroyed by AChE

Question 34

What may methocarbomol cause?

Answer 34

Darker urine

Question 35

What are anabolic steroids used for?

Answer 35

Promote growth, counteract postop debility, treats muscular atrophy and orthopedic conditions

Question 36

Why should Guifanesin be diluted to 5%?

Answer 36

To avoid thrombophlebitis and RBC hemolysis