Human Factors Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is the biggest contributor to accidents
Human error
What is human factors
The relationship between humans, machines and other people. The goal of making a system safer and more efficient
What are ergonomics
Physical aspects of a workplace environment such as the equipment
What is human performance
The human contribution to performance, what they do and how they do it
What factors impact human factors
Physiology (sleep/stress), Psychology (perception/memory), Work place environment, environmental conditions, Human-machine interface, Anthropometrics (study of human body like weight and height)
What is a system
A series of interacting parts, a system is best understood by looking at the interactions of components
What must you define when analysing a system
The boundaries, search for a fault in a car then the car itself is the boundary. For a more fundamental safety investigation you have to consider the manufacturer and distributer of the car
What are some common examples of sources for error in an organisation
Legal and regulatory rules, poor oversight. Excessive contact points in a system. Organisational failure giving the operator too little time and a culture of supressing questions
What are the components of a SHELL model
Software, hardware, environment, liveware. All 4 impact on the human performance hence impacting the ATC system as a whole
What is the goal of an ANSP
Safe, orderly and expeditious routing of air traffic
What percentage of aviation accidents are human error and what proportion of those accidents lay human factors as their primary cause
85% and 60%
In the SHELL model what is an example of software failure
Flawed policies and unintended consequences of changes to regulation
In the SHELL model what is an example of hardware failure
Physical equipment poorly designed, including not ergonomically designed for human interaction
In the SHELL model what is an example of envirnomental failure
Failure to account for night operations and the impact on human psychology
In the SHELL model what is an example of liveware failure
Breakdown of group dynamics causing group think and behaviour drifting from procedure. Reduction in priority for safety
What is HCD/UCD in human factors
Human/user centred design. Design the equipment to fit the person
What is situation awareness
Perception of the elements in an environment and comprehending their meaning and their status in the future
What are the two common heuristics in human factors
Availability (making decisions based on readily available information in long term memory) and representativeness (comparing what we know and the preconceived ideas about facts that represents a specific category)
What is FORDEC in human factors decision making
Facts
Options
Risks/benefits
Decision
Execution
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