Human Performance Flashcards
(21 cards)
In human performance what are the 5 dimensions of personality
OCEAN
Openness to experience curious vs cautious
Conscientiousness organised vs careless
Extraversion outgoing vs reserved
Agreeableness friendly vs challenging
Neuroticism nervous vs confident
What is confirmation bias
Looking for facts to confirm our choices
What is expectation bias
Strong belief for a particular outcome as seen situation before
What is fundamental attribution error in human performance
Overvalue personality-based explanations for behaviour while undervaluing situational explanation for the behaviours
What is unconscious bias
Holding beliefs about the world or groups which can influence the way we behave
What is the human information processing model
Attention -> situation awareness -> decision making -> action
Constant loop of mental activity
Why is it important to have a good balance of focussed and divided attention
Focus on the specific information but allow other stimuli in to get a fuller picture of the situation
How can perception be defined in human factors
Attaining awareness and understanding of the environment by organising and interpreting sensory information
What is the relation between perception and decision making in human factors
Our perception of a situation is altered by external factors. Perception and reality can differ.
Circles are the same size
How does the limited resource model explain metal workload in human factors
Humans have a maximum level of useful resource available. Some activities have little demands on mental capacity so much can be done simultaneously and keep under the limit
What is complacency and its relevance in ATC to human factors
A state of self-satisfaction with ones performance paired with unawareness of danger, trouble or controversy
Over-reliance or unawareness of automated systems, humans need stimulation
In human factors what are some signs of overconfidence and complacency
Ignoring warning signs
Neglecting safety procedure
No willingness to improve skills
Satisfied with poor performance
In human factors how can someone protect themselves from overconfidence and complacency
1) Acknowledge there is always more to learn
2) Look for the unexpected
3) Challenge automated systems to prove it is showing true information
4) Raise it with a supervisor if workload is too low or high
5) Acknowledge lost awareness and reassess the situation for errors
In human factors what three types of fatigue should you be on the look out for
Mental
Physical
Visual
In human factors what are the consequences of high fatigue (5)
Vigilance falls, struggle with sustained attention
Cognitive slowing, unable to make sound reasoning
Short term memory failure
Physical, poor hand eye coordination
Microsleep
In human factors how can fatigue be mitigated
Ensure sufficient high quality sleep
Make supervisor aware if having rest issues
Remain active in awake periods, fresh air & sun
How does acceptable cognitive workload change in human factors
Changes through the day, individual to individual. Underload can cause boredom and errors
How can boredom at work be mitigated in human factors
1) Be actively aware of boredom
2) Rotate tasks
3) Be mindful of following every step of SOPs
4) Minimise distractions
In human factors how is situational awareness defined
Perception of elements in the environment and comprehension of their meaning, projecting their status into the future
What are some elements that can have a good or bad impact on situational awareness
1) Fatigue
2) Workload level
3) Distractions
4) System design
5) Experience
6) Level of spatial awareness
How does situational awareness as part of a team integrate
Every member has their own situational awareness that will overlap in areas. Important team members understand both their own SA and their team members to get full coverage
