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2nd Shifting PHA6133 LEC > Human Hair > Flashcards

Human Hair Flashcards

1
Q

Hair care market: Retail value sales grow by ____% in current terms in 2022 to Php 49.6B

A

10

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2
Q

Hair care market: ________________________ is the best performing category in 2022, with retail value sales increasing by 42%

A

Salon professional hair care

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3
Q

Hair care market: ______________________ is the leading player with retail value share of 44%

A

Unilever Philippines Inc.

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4
Q

Hair care market: Largest category is ________________

A

standard shampoos

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5
Q

Hair care market: Sales of ________________ saw strong growth in retail volume terms

A

colorants

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6
Q

Hair care market: Availability of _______________ in sachets and tubs of 400-500 mL

A

conditioners

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7
Q

Hair care market: Strong focus on _______________ for product development and innovation

A

ingredients

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8
Q

Hair is a flexible thin _________ thread present on almost all surfaces of the human skin

A

keratin

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9
Q

Hair is not present on ______, soles of the feet, ________________ of the lips

A

palms; vermillion zone

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10
Q

T/F: Hair shaft is produced by rapidly multiplying matrix keratinocytes

A

True

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11
Q

T/F: Hair shaft is made up entirely of dead cells composed mainly of keratin which are held together by an extracellular cement-like substance

A

False. ……held together by an intercellular cement-like substance

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12
Q

Hair follicles are part of the _____________ unit

A

pilosebaceous

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13
Q

T/F: Sebum produced by sebaceous glands coats the hair and skin

A

True

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14
Q

Contraction of the _________________ attached to the hair follicle causes hair to stand up where it contracts

A

arrector pili muscle

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15
Q

Inner root sheath and outer sheath are called _______________

A

hair follicle

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16
Q

___________ is where blood vessels are. It supplies oxygen and nutrients for hair

A

Hair papilla

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17
Q

Actively growing cells are present in ____________. This is the source of new hair

A

Hair matrix

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18
Q

T/F: Shaving or cutting the hair cannot make it grow faster

A

True

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19
Q

This is the outermost structure of the hair. It protects the cortex, acts as a barrier, regulates the water content of the hair fiber, responsible for hair luster and texture

A

Cuticle

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20
Q

T/F: The cuticle is primarily composed of keratin

A

True

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21
Q

T/F: The cuticle is not usually the targeted part for formulations of conditioners

A

False. Cuticle is the targeted part of formulations

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22
Q

Major component of hair shaft. Contributes to mechanical properties of hair fiber like strength, elasticity, and curliness.

A

Cortex

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23
Q

T/F: The black color of the cortex is attributed to its melanin content, which is eumelanin.

A

True

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24
Q

T/F: The cortex is the targeted part if you want to color hair permanently, and permanently waving and straightening

A

True

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25
Q

The cortex contains cells rich in keratin filaments with amorphous matrix of _________ proteins

A

sulfur

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26
Q

T/F: Microstructure of the Human Hair Cortex

Cortical cells –> Macrofibrils –> 4 α-helix –> protofibrille –> microfibril

A

False. Cortical cells –> Macrofibrils –> microfibrils –> protofibrille –> 4 α-helix

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27
Q

_________ is also known as the core. It is composed of flattened cornified cells

A

Medulla

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28
Q

The medulla contains keratin framework supporting thin shells of amorphous material bonding _______________

A

air spaces

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29
Q

T/F: Thin hair is more resistant than thick hair

A

False

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30
Q

Enumerate the hair growth phases

A

Anagen, Catagen, and Telogen

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31
Q

Identify the hair growth phase

Nourishment of hair follicle via blood supply enables hair growth

A

Anagen

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32
Q

Identify the hair growth phase

Hair follicle detaches from nourishing blood supply. Similar to skin, hair cells are being pushed up, detaches from source and dies

A

Catagen

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33
Q

Identify the hair growth phase

This phase can last up to 2-6 years, in which the hair grows approximately 1 mm every 3 days

A

Anagen

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34
Q

Identify the hair growth phase

This is the end of the growth phase and melanin production is halted, also known as transition phase.

A

Catagen

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35
Q

Identify the hair growth phase

100-150 hairs are being removed per day, which is normal.

A

Telogen

36
Q

Identify the hair growth phase

The duration of this phase is 2-3 weeks

A

Catagen

37
Q

Identify the hair growth phase

Without nourishment, the hair dies and falls out.

A

Telogen

38
Q

Identify the hair growth phase

This is also known as the resting phase

A

Telogen

39
Q

Identify the hair growth phase

This is also known as the growth phase

A

Anagen

40
Q

Identify the hair growth phase

This phase lasts for 2-3 months

A

Telogen

41
Q

Identify the hair growth phase

85-90% of hairs undergo in this phase

A

Anagen

42
Q

strong or weak bonds?

disulfide bonds, which are formed between sulfur atoms of cysteine

A

strong

43
Q

strong or weak bonds?

hydrogen bonds (h-bonds)

A

weak

44
Q

strong or weak bonds?

salt bonds (ionic bonds or coulomb interaction)

A

weak

45
Q

strong or weak bonds?

can only be broken up chemically

A

strong

46
Q

strong or weak bonds?

Allows hair to resume its original shape

A

strong

47
Q

strong or weak bonds?

Contribute to shape, stability, and texture of hair

A

strong

48
Q

strong or weak bonds?

Van der Waals force

A

weak

49
Q

sino ang weak para sayo?

A

ako :>

50
Q

are weak bonds that are easily broken by water and heat, and can alter hair’s overall shape. Most abundant

A

hydrogen bonds (h-bonds)

51
Q

are weak bonds, and sensitive to pH and readily broken by alkaline or acidic conditions

A

salt bonds (ionic bonds or coulomb interaction)

52
Q

are weak attractive forces between neutral molecules, and may be broken by water and heat

A

Van der Waals force

53
Q

weak bonds that are formed between positive end of an amino acid and another negative end of an amino acid

A

salt bonds (ionic bonds or coloumb interaction)

54
Q

T/F: Strong bonds are only broken when non-chemical treatments are applied

A

False. …. broken when chemical treatments are applied

55
Q

T/F: weak bonds can be broken through combing and wetting the hair

A

True

56
Q

T/F: Wet hair is less vulnerable than dry hair due to the protective properties of water

A

False. Wet hair is more vulnerable

57
Q

Untreated hair comprises proteins that exhibit an isoelectric point near pH ______

A

3.7

58
Q

Hair usually carries a _________ charge

A

negative

59
Q

T/F: The middle part of the hair is the most negatively charged as it is exposed to stresses like combing, UV radiation, frequent use of shampoo

A

False. The tip of the hair is most negatively charged

60
Q

T/F: Cationic ingredients are attracted to the hair more readily than anionics

A

True

61
Q

Physical properties of human hair

  • Durable and strong due to _______ in the cortex
  • Elasticity related to the _______ of hair shaft
  • _________ content causes cortex to swell and edges of the cuticle scales to lift
  • High ___________________ and low ___________________ makes it easy to generate electrostatic charges by brushing & combing
A

Keratin

diameter

Water

electrical resistivity; dielectric constant

62
Q

Human hair types are based on:

A

thickness, color, condition, shape, size, curliness, and greasiness

63
Q

T/F: thin and coarse types of hairs are most fragile

A

False. Coarse types are more resistant to chemical processes, and thin hairs are most fragile and more susceptible to damage

64
Q

The classifications of hairs based on thickness

A

coarse, medium, and thin

65
Q

T/F: Medium hair is the standard thickness

A

True

66
Q

Modified T/F: Natural hair color is the result of melanin in the cortex. Eumelanin is dark brown and black color to hair, and Pheomelanin provides red to blond notes.

A

BOTH TRUE

67
Q

T/F: Healthy hairs are smooth and soft to the touch, and resistant to moisture. While damaged hairs are rough to the touch and dry

A

True

68
Q

This type of hair, based on condition, have compact cuticle layer that is naturally resistant to moisture

A

Healthy hair

69
Q

This type of hair, based on condition, have coarse texture; porous hair that absorbs liquid easily and tends to develop split ends

A

damaged hair

70
Q

the ________ dictates the porosity; if the [answer] is more porous, the hair is able to absorb more moisture

A

cuticle

71
Q

This type of hair (based on shape, size, and color) is mostly found on babies and formed in the first 5 months of their lives

A

Lanugo

72
Q

This type of hair (based on shape, size, and color) is very fine, soft hair that covers the body of fetus; mostly shed at birth

A

Lanugo

73
Q

This type of hair (based on shape, size, and color) is short, soft, colorless hair fibers commonly found on surfaces normally considered hairless; help in efficient evaporation and perspiration

A

Vellus hair (“down” or “fuzzy” hair)

74
Q

This type of hair (based on shape, size, and color) is pigmented, thicker, found on scalp, chest, arms, legs, underarms and pubic hair

A

Terminal hair

75
Q

This type of hair (based on shape, size, and color) have larger cross-sectional diameter, and are longer; found in different parts of the body. While eyelashes protect the eyes from dust

A

Terminal hair

76
Q

This type of hair (based on shape, size, and color) is important in thermoregulation, perspiration and evaporation process

A

Vellus hair (“down” or “fuzzy” hair)

77
Q

This type of hair (based on shape, size, and color) can function as protection from UV and cold insulation

A

Terminal hair

78
Q

T/F: Vellus hairs can turn into terminal hairs upon reaching puberty. An example of this is the beard

A

True

79
Q

T/F: Terminal hairs can turn into vellus hairs. An example of this is Male pattern baldness, a hair loss that happens when a type of androgen hormone called dihydrotestosterone (DHT) damages hair follicles.

A

True

80
Q

Types of hairs based on curliness (shape of the hair shaft)

A

straight, wavy, curly, and kinky

African, Caucasian, and Asian

81
Q

Types of hairs based on greasiness

A

dry hair and greasy hair

82
Q

T/F: Dry hairs do not have enough moisture. This is because water is not retained

A

True

83
Q

T/F: Dry hairs result from damaged (weathered) cuticle & cortex; dull, unhealthy appearance that is more visible in longer hair

A

True

84
Q

T/F: Dryness is more visible in short hairs

A

False. Dryness is more visible in long hairs

85
Q

T/F: In greasy hairs, overactive sebaceous glands is a contributory factor to development of dandruff

A

True

2nd Shifting PHA6133 LEC (6 decks)

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