Human Phys 6.1

Question 1

What is the goal of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

Provide oxygen and remove CO2

Question 2

What are the functions that help the respiratory system achieve its goal?

Answer 2

Ventilation

Diffusion

O2 and CO2 transport

Regulation of ventilation

Question 3

How much volume can the lungs hold?

Answer 3

4 L

Question 4

What is the surface area of the lungs?

Answer 4

Size of a tennis court

Question 5

What is the conducting zone?

Answer 5

Trachea (1)

Bronchi (2)

Bronchioles (4)

Question 6

What’s the respiratory zone?

Answer 6

Respiratory bronchioles

Alveolar ducts

Alveolar sacs

Question 7

Does the conducting zone contain cilia?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

Does the conducting one contain smooth muscle?

Answer 8

Yes

Question 9

Does the conducting zone contain cartilage?

Answer 9

Yes except for bronchioles

Question 10

Is there cilia, smooth muscle, or cartilage in the respiratory zone?

Answer 10

No there’s none

Question 11

What is the pathway of the airways top to bottom?

Answer 11

Trachea

Bronchi

Bronchioles

Respiratory bronchioles

Alveolar ducts

Alveolar sacs

Question 12

What supplies the bronchiole with blood?

Answer 12

Bronchial artery (also shunts blood to pulmonary vein lowering the oxygenation of the blood returning to the heart)

Question 13

What is the Mucociliary escalator?

Answer 13

Goblet cells secrete mucus which forms a blanket over the tops of the Ciliated cells

The regular beating of the cilia sweeps the mucus up and out of the airways carrying any debris that is stuck to it

Question 14

How is dust removed when there is no cilia present?

Answer 14

Alveolar macrophages keep alveoli cells free from dust and then migrate to the bronchioles where the cilia can carry them to the upper airways