Flashcards in Hyperlipidemia and Prostaglandins Deck (37):
0
Hyperchylomicronemia associated with?
Acute pancreatitis
1
Raises TG and VLDL?
Alcohol
2
Reversible HMG Coa reductase inhibitor?
Simvastatin
"Simple lang to reverse"
3
MOA of simvastatin?
Decrease cholesterol synthesis
Increase LDL uptake in the liver by inc LDL receptors
Overall dec LDL levels
4
Why are statins used in ACS?
Stabilize plaque
5
Simvastatin AE?
Hepatotox.
GI distress.
Myopathy.
Rhabdomyolysis.
6
Statins Enhance risk of rhabdo and myopathy if given with?
Fibrates
7
When is the peak of cholesterol synthesis?
At night. Give statins ODHS.
8
How much of bile acids are reabsorbed? Returned back to?
90%
Enterohepatic circulation
9
Bile acid binding resin for hypercholesterolemia and pruritus in cholestasis?
Cholestyramine
Also for digitalis toxicity
10
AE Cholestyramine?
Constipation. Bloating. Gritty taste. Steatorrhea. Malabsorption.
11
Treat cholestyramine-induced constipation with?
Fiber supplements
Psyllium
12
MOA of bile acid binding resins?
Bind bile acids
Prevent reabsorption, increase use of hepatic cholesterol to synthesize new bile acid
13
Effect of BABR on LDL TG VLDL?
Modest decrease in LDL
Little or no effect on TG and VLDL
14
Where is cholesterol absorbed?
Jejunum
Via NPC1L1 transporter
Same transporter for physosterol
15
Selective inhibitor of NPC1L1 transporter to dec cholesterol absorption?
Ezetimibe
Used in cholesterolemia and physosterolemia
16
Ezetimibe AE?
Simvastatin + fibrates - myopathy and rhabdomyolysis
Simvastatin + ezetimibe - hepatotoxicity - synergistic in lowering LDL
17
Cholesterol analog, takes the place of cholesterol, dec absorption?
Sitosterol
AE: GI upset. Bloating
18
Most effective to inc HDL, reduce TG and VLDL?
Niacin
19
Effect on lipid profile of:
Statins
Fibrates
Nicotinic acid
Niacin
Statins dec LDL
Fibrates dec TG
Nicotinic acid inc HDL
Niacin dec VLDL
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Niacin AE?
Flushing
Pruritus
Acanthosis nigricans
GI irritation
21
Pre treatment with this reduces flushing in Niacin?
Aspirin or NSAIDs
22
Contraindication of Niacin
PUD - may worsen
"NIce! Dala ka PUDs!"
23
Drugs that cause flushing?
VANC
Vancomycin. Adenosine. Niacin. CCB.
24
Activate PPAR alpha, increase synthesis of lipoprotein lipase, dec TG?
DOC for hyperTG
Gemfibrozil (Fibrates)
25
Fibrates inc expression of apoproteins:
Apo A1
Apo A2
To inc HDL levels
26
Fibrates at risk for what stones?
Cholesterol gallstones
27
Drugs used for the following:
Primary hyperchylomicronemia
Dec LPL and Apo C-II
Low fat diet
Niacin + fibrates
To dec TG
28
Familial hypercholes
Statins - first line to dec LDL
Plus niacin and ezetimibe
29
PGE1 analog that is used for PUD, prevention of NSAID induced bleed but is also an abortifacient?
Misoprostol
Activate EP receptors
Inc HCO3 and mucus secretion
30
Misoprostol causes what sequence?
Mobius sequence (teratogenic)
31
PGE1 analog to maintain patency of PDA?
Alprostadil
"open - Al Fresco"
32
PGE2 analog for cervical ripening? But also an abortifacient
Dinoprostone
33
Low/high concentrations of dinoprostone relax/contract uterus?
Low contract
High relax
34
PGF alpha analog for post partum hemorrhage?
Carboprost
WOF bronchoconstriction
35
PGF 2 alpha analog for glaucoma?
Latanoprost
36