Hyperlipidemia and Prostaglandins

Question 0

Raises TG and VLDL?

Answer 0

Alcohol

Question 1

Hyperchylomicronemia associated with?

Answer 1

Acute pancreatitis

Question 2

Reversible HMG Coa reductase inhibitor?

Answer 2

Simvastatin

“Simple lang to reverse”

Question 3

MOA of simvastatin?

Answer 3

Decrease cholesterol synthesis
Increase LDL uptake in the liver by inc LDL receptors
Overall dec LDL levels

Question 4

Why are statins used in ACS?

Answer 4

Stabilize plaque

Question 5

Simvastatin AE?

Answer 5

Hepatotox.
GI distress.
Myopathy.
Rhabdomyolysis.

Question 6

Statins Enhance risk of rhabdo and myopathy if given with?

Answer 6

Fibrates

Question 7

When is the peak of cholesterol synthesis?

Answer 7

At night. Give statins ODHS.

Question 8

How much of bile acids are reabsorbed? Returned back to?

Answer 8

90%

Enterohepatic circulation

Question 9

Bile acid binding resin for hypercholesterolemia and pruritus in cholestasis?

Answer 9

Cholestyramine

Also for digitalis toxicity

Question 10

AE Cholestyramine?

Answer 10

Constipation. Bloating. Gritty taste. Steatorrhea. Malabsorption.

Question 11

Treat cholestyramine-induced constipation with?

Answer 11

Fiber supplements

Psyllium

Question 12

MOA of bile acid binding resins?

Answer 12

Bind bile acids

Prevent reabsorption, increase use of hepatic cholesterol to synthesize new bile acid

Question 13

Effect of BABR on LDL TG VLDL?

Answer 13

Modest decrease in LDL

Little or no effect on TG and VLDL

Question 14

Where is cholesterol absorbed?

Answer 14

Jejunum
Via NPC1L1 transporter
Same transporter for physosterol

Question 15

Selective inhibitor of NPC1L1 transporter to dec cholesterol absorption?

Answer 15

Ezetimibe

Used in cholesterolemia and physosterolemia

Question 16

Ezetimibe AE?

Answer 16

Simvastatin + fibrates - myopathy and rhabdomyolysis

Simvastatin + ezetimibe - hepatotoxicity - synergistic in lowering LDL

Question 17

Cholesterol analog, takes the place of cholesterol, dec absorption?

Answer 17

Sitosterol

AE: GI upset. Bloating

Question 18

Most effective to inc HDL, reduce TG and VLDL?

Answer 18

Niacin

Question 19

Effect on lipid profile of:
Statins
Fibrates
Nicotinic acid
Niacin

Answer 19

Statins dec LDL
Fibrates dec TG
Nicotinic acid inc HDL
Niacin dec VLDL

Question 20

Niacin AE?

Answer 20

Flushing
Pruritus
Acanthosis nigricans
GI irritation

Question 21

Pre treatment with this reduces flushing in Niacin?

Answer 21

Aspirin or NSAIDs

Question 22

Contraindication of Niacin

Answer 22

PUD - may worsen

“NIce! Dala ka PUDs!”

Question 23

Drugs that cause flushing?

Answer 23

VANC

Vancomycin. Adenosine. Niacin. CCB.

Question 24

Activate PPAR alpha, increase synthesis of lipoprotein lipase, dec TG? DOC for hyperTG

Answer 24

Gemfibrozil (Fibrates)

Question 25

Fibrates inc expression of apoproteins:

Answer 25

Apo A1 Apo A2 To inc HDL levels

Question 26

Fibrates at risk for what stones?

Answer 26

Cholesterol gallstones

Question 27

Drugs used for the following: Primary hyperchylomicronemia Dec LPL and Apo C-II

Answer 27

Low fat diet Niacin + fibrates To dec TG

Question 28

Familial hypercholes

Answer 28

Statins - first line to dec LDL | Plus niacin and ezetimibe

Question 29

PGE1 analog that is used for PUD, prevention of NSAID induced bleed but is also an abortifacient?

Answer 29

Misoprostol Activate EP receptors Inc HCO3 and mucus secretion

Question 30

Misoprostol causes what sequence?

Answer 30

Mobius sequence (teratogenic)

Question 31

PGE1 analog to maintain patency of PDA?

Answer 31

Alprostadil "open - Al Fresco"

Question 32

PGE2 analog for cervical ripening? But also an abortifacient

Answer 32

Dinoprostone

Question 33

Low/high concentrations of dinoprostone relax/contract uterus?

Answer 33

Low contract | High relax

Question 34

PGF alpha analog for post partum hemorrhage?

Answer 34

Carboprost | WOF bronchoconstriction

Question 35

PGF 2 alpha analog for glaucoma?

Answer 35

Latanoprost

Question 36

PGI2 analog for pulmo hypertension? Reduce platelet aggregation in dialysis machines

Answer 36

Epoprostenol "EPULMO"