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CVR Biweekly 2 > Hypertension Drugs > Flashcards

Hypertension Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

treat for HTN w/ BP > than what #

A

130 mmHg

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2
Q

1st line treatment for HTN

A

CCB (Ca2+ channel blockers)

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3
Q

4 types of drugs used to treat HTN

A

CCB’s
+
ARBs/ACEIs
+/- Thiazides
+/- Statins

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4
Q

Dihydropyridines
Nondihydropyridines

A

CCB’s

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5
Q

RAA drugs

A

ARBs
ACEIs

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6
Q

type of drugs used to treat DIFFICULT hypertension

A

K+ sparing diuretics

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7
Q

aldosterone antagonists
ENaC blockers

A

K+ sparing diuretics

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8
Q

most prescribed dihydropyridine for HTN

A

Amlodipine

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9
Q

short-acting dihydropyridine that should not be used long term b/c can lead to MI and death

A

Nifedipine

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10
Q

drugs ending in -PINE (used to treat HTN)

A

Dihydropyridines

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11
Q

DILTIAZEM

A

nondihydropyridine to treat HTN

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12
Q

most effective drug class for primary prevention of stroke

A

CCB’s

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13
Q

what compromises effectiveness of ARBs, ACEIs, and diuretics

A

high salt diet or NSAIDs

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14
Q

what does not compromise effectiveness of CCBs

A

high salt diet or NSAIDs

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15
Q

SE for CCB’s; and how to help it

A

ankle edema; add ARBs

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16
Q

all______ can depress SA node

A

CCB’s

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17
Q

main problem with HTN

A

visceral adipocytes producing leptin

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18
Q

target is POMC neurons and signal transmitted to IML (increase sympathetics, increase bp)

A

Leptin

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19
Q

effects of leptin

A

increase cAMP, RAS, vasoconstriction, afterload, HTN, LV workload

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20
Q

how can Ang II and aldosterone make HTN worse

A

Ang II increases aldosterone; more Na+ and water reabsorption; increase blood volume makes HTN worse

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21
Q

ultimately decreases size of lumen and therefore vasoconstricts

A

maladaptive remodeling

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22
Q

what can ultimately happen from Ang II effects

A

heart failure

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23
Q

effects of aldosterone

A

increases ENaC expression
increases Na+ and water reabsorption

24
Q

AT1R (Gq)

A

vasoconstriction

25
Q

AT2R (Gi)

A

vasodilation

26
Q

renin inhibitor (blocks effects of whole process)

A

ALISKIREN

27
Q

Aldosterone receptor blockers

A

Spironolactone
eplerenone

28
Q

(-PRIL); ACEIs (oldest drugs)

A

Lisinopril….

29
Q

AT1R blockers(Gq) [-SARTAN]

A

Losartan
Valsartan

30
Q

don’t use ARBs and ACEIs along with this drug

A

AZILSARTAN

31
Q

ACEIs/ARB/DRI contraindications

A
  1. bilateral renal artery stenosis
  2. PREGNANCY (teratogens)
  3. renal failure
32
Q

what labs to order when you start patient on ACEIs

A

CREATININE

33
Q

FUROSEMIDE
TORSEMIDE
BUMETANIDE
ETHACRYNIC ACID

A

loop diuretics

34
Q

CHLORTHALIDONE
HCTZ
METOLAZONE
INDAPAMIDE

A

Thiazide/thiazide-like drugs

35
Q

where do loop diuretics act on

A

Thick Ascending Loop

36
Q

act on NKCC2 and lead to excretion of Na+, K+, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+

A

loop diuretics

37
Q

NSAIDs block effect of this drug

A

Loop diuretics

38
Q

only used for special cases when treating HTN

A

loop diuretics

39
Q

SE of loop diuretics

A

ototoxicity

40
Q

blocks NCC and keeps Ca2+ in blood

A

Thiazide diuretics

41
Q

all sorts of edema can be treated w/ this drug

A

thiazide diuretics

42
Q

used for kidney stones(limits Ca2+ in urine) and osteoporosis (bone health)

A

thiazide diuretics

43
Q

contraindicated in Gout

A

Thiazides

44
Q

better thiazide than HCTZ these days

A

CHLORTHALIDONE

45
Q

K+ sparing Diuretics (Na+ still excreted)

A

ENaC blockers
Aldosterone receptor blockers

46
Q

Amiloride
Triamterene

A

ENaC blockers

47
Q

K+ sparing drug that antagonizes both MR(aldosterone) and AR (androgen)

A

Spironolactone

48
Q

only use for DIFFICULT HTN and after trying MR blocking and ENaC blocking drugs

A

B blockers (-LOL)

49
Q

Labetalol
Carvedilol
Nebivolol

A

block B1 and a1

50
Q

-LOL that stimulates NO production

A

Nebivolol

51
Q

a1 blockers used to treat pheochromocytoma

A

phenoxybenzamine
phentolamine

52
Q

what can happen when trying to take patient off of HTN meds

A

rebound HTN

53
Q

Hydralazine
Procainamide
(both can cause what)

A

cause drug induced LUPUS

54
Q

long acting VIP for HTN

A

Vasomera

55
Q

what must be discontinued if patient has HTN but becomes pregnant

A

RAA blockers

CVR Biweekly 2 (15 decks)

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