Peripheral Artery Disease Flashcards
(54 cards)
sign of PAD
leg cramps
the number 1 risk factor for PAD
smoking
smoking, diabetes, HTN, TC, CAD, old age, and lifestyle
risk factors for PAD
_____ 16 fold increase in risk for PAD
smoking
10 mg/dl increase in cholesterol causes what percent increase for PAD
10%
___% of the time present with no symptoms
50%
5 main presentations of PAD
- asymptomatic
- claudication
- atypical leg pain
- critical limb ischemia
- acute limb ischemia
cramps in leg that is reproducible w/ exercise and goes away with rest
claudication
ischemic rest pain
nonhealing wound
gangrene
critical limb ischemia
5 P’s of acute limb ischemia
pain
pulselessness
pallor
parasthesias
paralysis
cramping/fatigue/aching in same muscle with exertion and goes away with rest (within 5 min)
claudication
same as claudication except adds tingling, burning, numbness and time to relief takes longer (</= 30min)
pseudoclaudication
typically a diagnosis of lower extremity involvement (but subclavian, carotids involved too)
PAD
common sites of claudication
aorta/iliac
femoral
popliteal
an aching or cramp-like sensation associated with walking/exercise; goes away with rest; predictable
intermittent claudication
ache in toes
pain relieved when legs lowered
absent distal pulses
rubor w/ depression, pallor w/ elevation
risk for limb loss
PAD
during physical exam to dx or rule out PAD, what do you look for
check for pulses
skin changes/hair changes
wounds
ulcer, gangrene (wounds)
severe dx of PAD
PAD diagnostic test that monitors upper and lower extremity BPs
Ankle-Brachial Index
normal ABI
1
150 R arm, 180 L arm, R lower=120 (how to take ABI)
lower extremity/upper
120/180 (take highest #s)
ABI <0.9
PAD
exercise unmasks what
PAD and CAD (vascular steal syndrome)
ultrasound to look for obstruction of blood flow for PAD
doppler US
