immune system study guide

Question 1

a complex network of organs, cells and proteins that defends the body against infection, while protecting the body’s own cells.

Answer 1

immune system

Question 2

is a group of organs, vessels and tissues that protect you from infection and keep a healthy balance of fluids throughout your body.

Answer 2

the lymphatic system

Question 3

treats health issues brought on by immune system problems.

Answer 3

immunologist

Question 4

a doctor with specialized training in inflammatory disease.

Answer 4

rheumatologist

Question 5

a physician that treats acute and chronic infections caused by bacteria, parasites, fungi and viruses.

Answer 5

infectious disease doctor

Question 6

(blank) is clear, colorless fluid that circulates through the lymphatic system. (blank) fills the tissue spaces of the body.

Answer 6

lymph
lymphatic fluid

Question 7

small lumps of tissue that contain white blood cells, which fight infection.

Answer 7

lymph nodes
lymph glands

Question 7

two masses of tissue on either side of the throat. They help defend the body against harmful microorganisms.

Answer 7

tonsils

Question 8

are a patch of lymphoid tissue that sits at the very back of the nasal passage. Like tonsils, (blank) help keep the body healthy by trapping harmful bacteria and viruses that we breathe in or swallow.

Answer 8

adenoids

Question 9

stores and filters blood and makes white blood cells that protect you from infection.

Answer 9

spleen

Question 10

a small gland in the lymphatic system that makes and trains special white blood cells called T-cells.

Answer 10

thymus

Question 11

are tubes that carry lymph through the body to lymph nodes and back to veins.

Answer 11

lymphatic vessels

Question 12

are the terminal lymph channels that empty into the subclavian vein to return the lymph to the venous circulation.

Answer 12

main lymph ducts
main lymphfatic ducts

Question 13

are tiny vessels that collect and filter fluid from your body’s cells and tissues. They help to maintain blood pressure and volume and prevent fluid buildup.

Answer 13

lymph capillaries
lymphatic capillaries

Question 14

The liquid part of the blood and lymphatic fluid, which makes up about half of the volume of blood.

Answer 14

plasma

Question 15

A group or layer of cells that perform specific functions. For example, muscle tissue is a group of muscle cells.

Answer 15

tissue

Question 16

circulate through your bloodstream and tissues to respond to injury or illness by attacking any unknown organisms that enter your body.

Answer 16

white blood cells
leukocytes

Question 17

is a protein produced by the body’s immune system when it detects harmful substances, called antigens.

Answer 17

antibodies

Question 18

are proteins that help speed up metabolism. They build some substances and break others down.

Answer 18

enzyme

Question 19

are cells with the potential to develop into many different types of cells in the body. They serve as a repair system for the body.

Answer 19

stem cells

Question 20

is the soft, spongy tissue that is in the centers of bones. It contains stem cells that produce blood cells and the cells that make up the immune system.

Answer 20

Bone Marrow

Question 21

T-cells are a type of white blood cell called (blank). They help your immune system fight germs and protect you from disease.

Answer 21

lymphocytes

Question 22

is any substance that causes your immune system to produce antibodies against it. It may be a substance from the environment, such as chemicals, bacteria, viruses, or pollen.

Answer 22

antigens

Question 23

A poison produced by certain animals, plants, or bacteria.

Answer 23

toxins

Question 24

A substance that can cause an allergic reaction.

Answer 24

allergen

Question 25

The body’s ability to fight off sickness and stay healthy. It’s a defense mechanism that protects the body from infectious diseases

Answer 25

immunity

Question 26

is a substance that trains the body’s immune system to recognize and fight off harmful germs, such as viruses or bacteria

Answer 26

vaccine immunization

Question 27

The rapid spread of disease to a large number of hosts in a given population within a short period of time.

Answer 27

epidemic

Question 28

any organism too small to be viewed by the unaided eye, as bacteria, protozoa, and some fungi and algae.

Answer 28

microorganism microbe

Question 28

A microorganism that causes, or can cause, disease.

Answer 28

pathogen

Question 29

is a microorganism that is smaller than a bacterium that cannot grow or reproduce apart from a living cell.

Answer 29

virus

Question 30

are single-celled organisms that can sometimes cause diseases. Common (blank) diseases include malaria, giardia, and toxoplasmosis.

Answer 30

protozoa

Question 31

including yeasts, mildews, molds, and mushrooms.

Answer 31

fungi

Question 32

a cell that certain fungi, plants (moss, ferns), and bacteria produce.

Answer 32

spore

Question 33

something is harmful to the body or related to poison

Answer 33

toxic

Question 34

an organism that lives on or in a host organism and gets its food from or at the expense of its host.

Answer 34

parasite

Question 35

leuko- // leuco-

Answer 35

Meaning “white”

Question 36

auto- // auto-

Answer 36

Meaning “self”

Question 37

inflamm- // inflam-

Answer 37

Meaning “to set on fire”

Question 38

patho- // pato-

Answer 38

Meaning “disease”

Question 39

-gen // -geno

Answer 39

Meaning “become” or “be produced”

Question 40

-cyte // -cito

Answer 40

Meaning “cell”