musculoskeletal system study guide

Question 1

Bones, muscles and joints make up (blank, along with cartilage, tendons, ligaments and connective tissue. This system gives your body its structure and support and lets you move around.

Answer 1

the musculoskeletal system

Question 2

a medical specialty that focuses on treating injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

Answer 2

orthopedics

Question 3

An (blank) is an orthopedic surgeon, a physician who corrects congenital or functional abnormalities of the bones with surgery, casting, and bracing.

Answer 3

orthopedist

Question 3

a doctor with specialized training in inflammatory (rheumatic) disease.

Answer 3

rheumatologist

Question 4

a healthcare provider who helps you improve how your body performs physical movements.

Answer 4

physical therapist

Question 5

a healthcare provider who helps you improve your ability to perform daily tasks.

Answer 5

occupational therapist

Question 6

a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating conditions using imaging equipment.

Answer 6

radiologist

Question 6

assist in the operating room, apply and remove casts, fit walking aids, and perform other support duties.

Answer 6

cast technician
orthopedic technician

Question 7

perform medical exams using X-rays on patients to create images of specific parts of the body.

Answer 7

x-ray technician
radiologic technologist

Question 8

assess soft tissues and joints of the body for treatment and prevention of dysfunction, injury, pain and physical disorders.

Answer 8

massage therapist

Question 9

a form of alternative medicine concerned with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system

Answer 9

chiropractor

Question 10

a branch of medicine devoted to the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders of the foot and ankle.

Answer 10

podiatry

Question 11

a technique in which practitioners insert fine needles into the skin to treat health problems.

Answer 11

acupuncture

Question 12

the hard, dense, calcified tissue that forms the skeleton of most vertebrates

Answer 12

bones

Question 13

a fibrous connective tissue that connects/attaches muscles to bones
and facilitates movement.

Answer 13

tendons

Question 13

a body tissue consisting of long cells that contract when stimulated and produce motion.

Answer 13

muscles

Question 14

a strong, flexible substance in your body, especially around your joints and in your nose. It helps protect the joints and bones

Answer 14

cartilage

Question 15

a fibrous connective tissue that attaches bone to bone, and usually serves to hold structures together and keep them stable.

Answer 15

ligaments

Question 16

connect to your bones and allow you to perform a wide range of movements and functions. (blank) are voluntary, meaning you control how and when they work.

Answer 16

skeletal mucles

Question 17

Your body needs (blank)to build and maintain strong bones. Your heart, muscles and nerves also need (blank) to function properly.

Answer 17

calcium

Question 18

a mineral essential for healthy muscles, nerves, bones and blood sugar levels.

Answer 18

magnesium

Question 19

necessary for the formation of bones and teeth.

Answer 19

phosphates

Question 20

a point where two bones make contact.

Answer 20

joints

Question 21

the soft, spongy tissue that is in the medullary cavities (centers) of bones.

Answer 21

bone marrow

Question 22

A typical bone in your body contains 3 types of tissue, a hard outer tissue, a sponge-like inner tissue, and smooth tissue at the ends. what are these types of called?

Answer 22

bone tissue

Question 23

the rounded end of a long bone, at its joint with adjacent bone(s)

Answer 23

head (of a bone) epiphysis

Question 24

the shaft in the middle of the bone is called the (blank) It has a hollow inside with an open space called the medullary cavity.

Answer 24

diaphysis.

Question 25

the areas of new bone growth in children and teens.

Answer 25

growth plate epiphyseal plate

Question 26

A large prominence on the side of the bone. Some of the largest muscle groups and most dense connective tissues attach to the (blank).

Answer 26

trochanter

Question 27

a piece of cartilage shaped like a crescent and located at the junction of two bones in a joint. The (blank) acts to absorb shock.

Answer 27

meniscus

Question 28

are the 14 bones of the skull that articulate with the cranium, protect soft tissues of the face; they aid in breathing, eating, facial expressions, speech, and structure.

Answer 28

facial bones craniofacial bones

Question 29

are immovable or fixed joints, which are found between all the bones of the skull except the mandible.

Answer 29

suture joint

Question 30

the (blank)on an infant’s head where the bony plates that make up the skull have not yet come together.

Answer 30

fontanelle soft spot

Question 31

A layer of cartilage between vertebrae in the spine.

Answer 31

intervertebral disk

Question 32

A bony column of vertebrae surrounds and protects your (blank) Your (blank) helps carry electrical nerve signals throughout your body.

Answer 32

spinal cord

Question 33

any of the muscles that increase the angle between members of a limb, as by straightening the elbow or knee or bending the wrist or spine backward.

Answer 33

extensors

Question 34

any of the muscles that decrease the angle between bones on two sides of a joint, as in bending the elbow or knee.

Answer 34

flexors

Question 35

any one of the three posterior thigh muscles between the hip and the knee

Answer 35

hamstring

Question 36

located below the lungs, is the major muscle of respiration.

Answer 36

diaphragm

Question 37

main function is to support and provide cushioning for your brain, spinal cord, and organs in the body.

Answer 37

Axial skeleton

Question 38

main function is to facilitate movement in the human body, provide shape to arms and legs and maintain mineral homeostasis in the body.

Answer 38

Appendicular skeleton

Question 39

the main function is the internal rotation, adduction, and fixion of the humerus

Answer 39

pectoralis major

Question 40

a partial or complete break in the bone. When a (blank) happens, it’s classified as either open or closed.

Answer 40

fracture

Question 41

when the bone breaks but there is no puncture or open wound in the skin.

Answer 41

closed fracture

Question 42

refers to a bone that is broken in at least two places.

Answer 42

comminuted fracture

Question 43

your bone breaks completely. It’s snapped or crushed into two or more pieces.

Answer 43

complete fracture

Question 44

one in which two or more portions of broken bone come out of proper alignment. It has to be reset or realigned by a doctor through a closed reduction procedure or an open reduction.

Answer 44

displaced fracture

Question 45

one in which the bone cracks or breaks but retains its proper alignment. (blank) fractures often require only bracing, booting or casting treatment.

Answer 45

non-displaced fracture

Question 46

a break where the ends are driven into each other. This is often seen with children’s arm fractures.

Answer 46

impacted fracture buckle fracture

Question 46

fracture occurs when the bone cracks and bends but does not completely break. This is more common in pediatric patients.

Answer 46

greenstick fracture incomplete fracture

Question 47

a type of fracture that occurs when a long bone is twisted with force. It will appear similar to a corkscrew.

Answer 47

spiral fracture torsion fracture

Question 48

small cracks in one of your bones that happen when something puts a lot of repeated force on the bone.

Answer 48

stress fracture

Question 49

a procedure to line up the ends of a fractured bone without the need for surgery. An open (blank) involves a surgery to line up the bone.

Answer 49

reduction

Question 50

a- // a- an- // an-

Answer 50

Meaning “without” “not” or “none”

Question 51

electro- // electro-

Answer 51

Meaning “electricity”

Question 52

oste/o – oste/o

Answer 52

Meaning “bone”

Question 53

arthr/o – artr/o

Answer 53

Meaning “joint”

Question 54

articul/o – articul/o

Answer 54

Meaning “joint”

Question 55

chondr/o – condr/o

Answer 55

Meaning “cartilage”

Question 56

myel/o – miel/o

Answer 56

Meaning “bone marrow”

Question 57

my/o – mi/o

Answer 57

Meaning “muscle”

Question 58

orth/o – ort/o

Answer 58

Meaning “straight”

Question 59

-oma // -oma

Answer 59

Meaning “tumor” or “swelling”

Question 60

scoli/o – escoli/o

Answer 60

Meaning “crooked”

Question 61

-itis // -itis

Answer 61

Meaning “inflammation”

Question 62

-graphy // - grafía

Answer 62

Meaning “to record” or “to take a picture”

Question 63

-osis // -osis

Answer 63

Meaning “condition” or “disease”