respiratory & integumentary systems study guide

Question 1

doctor who has special training in diagnosing and treating diseases of the lungs.

Answer 1

pulmonologist
el neumólogo

Question 2

helps patients who are having trouble breathing. They work under the direction of doctors. They give patients oxygen, manage ventilators, and administer drugs to the lungs.

Answer 2

Respiratory therapists
el terapista respiratorio

Question 3

specializes in diagnosing and treating sleep disorders like sleep apnea, insomnia, narcolepsy, restless leg syndrome, and others.

Answer 3

sleep specialist
sleep medicine specialist
especialista en sueño
especialista en medicina del sueño

Question 4

the network of organs and tissues that help you breathe. It includes your airways, lungs and blood vessels.

Answer 4

respiratory system
el sistema respiratorio
el aparato respiratorio

Question 5

The main function of (blank) is to produce vocal sounds

Answer 5

larynx
voice box
la laringe

Question 6

flap that covers the trachea during swallowing so that food does not enter the lungs.

Answer 6

epiglottis
la epiglotis

Question 7

an important defense mechanism which clears the airways of irritants by forcefully expelling air from the respiratory tract.

Answer 7

cough reflex
el reflejo de la tos

Question 8

an inward breath. When you swim to the surface of a pool after being under water, you’ll take a deep inhalation.

Answer 8

inhalation
la inhalación
la inspiración

Question 9

an outward breath.

Answer 9

exhalation
la exhalación
la espiración

Question 10

vibrate and air passes through the (blank) from the lungs to produce the sound of your voice.

Answer 10

vocal cords
las cuerdas vocales

Question 11

is breathed in enters the blood from the lungs and travels to the tissues.

Answer 11

oxygen
O2
el oxígeno

Question 12

deliver air to your lungs. They go from the nose & mouth to the lungs.

Answer 12

airways
air passages
las vías respiratorias

Question 13

The major parts of (blank) include the nose or nostrils, nasal cavity, mouth, throat (pharynx), and voice box (larynx).

Answer 13

the upper respiratory tract
las vías respiratorias altas/superiores

Question 14

transfer life-giving oxygen into the blood supply.

Answer 14

lung / lungs
el pulmón / los pulmones

Question 15

A wall of cartilage divides the nose into 2 separate chambers.

Answer 15

nasal septum
el tabique nasal

Question 16

is transported in the bloodstream to the lungs where it is ultimately removed from the body through exhalation.

Answer 16

carbon dioxide
CO2
el dióxido de carbono

Question 17

secrete mucus to protect against infection, humidifies, filters, and heats the air you breath before it reaches the lungs.

Answer 17

nasal sinus
los senos nasales

Question 18

carry air in and out of your lungs

Answer 18

trachea

Question 19

two large tubes that carry air from your trachea to your lungs.

Answer 19

bronchus [singular]
bronchi [plural]
el bronquio [singular]
los bronquios [plural]

Question 19

the smallest airways in your lungs. Inhaled air passes through tiny ducts from the (blank) into the alveoli

Answer 19

bronchioles
los bronquiolos

Question 20

air sacs in the lungs located at the end of respiratory tree “branches”. The (Blank) are where the lungs and the blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of breathing in and breathing out.

Answer 20

alveolus [singular]
alveoli [plural]
el alveolo [singular]
los alveolos [plural]

Question 21

Your nose (blank) the air, catching and trapping particles with the many small hairs in your nose to immediately filter out larger particles before they can access your lungs.

Answer 21

filters
filtra

Question 22

Your nose (blank) the air, adding moisture to keep your airways from drying out.

Answer 22

humidifies
humedece

Question 23

At each cell in your body, oxygen is (Blank) for a waste gas called carbon dioxide. Your bloodstream then carries this waste gas back to the lungs where it is removed from the bloodstream and then exhaled.

Answer 23

exchanged

Question 24

are blood vessels in the walls of the alveoli. Blood passes through the Blank) giving off carbon dioxide through the capillary wall into the alveoli and taking up oxygen from air in the alveoli.

Answer 24

capillaries

Question 25

refers to any type of blood vessel going to or from the lungs.

Answer 25

pulmonary blood vessels los vasos sanguíneos pulmonares

Question 26

carries deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs.

Answer 26

pulmonary arteries

Question 27

carry oxygen-rich blood from your lungs to your heart.

Answer 27

pulmonary veins las venas pulmonares

Question 28

a thin layer of tissue that covers the lungs and lines the interior wall of the chest cavity.

Answer 28

pleural membrane pleura

Question 29

the major muscle of respiration.

Answer 29

diaphragm el diafragma

Question 30

a hollow space surrounded by the rib cage and the diaphragm

Answer 30

chest cavity thoracic cavity la cavidad torácica

Question 31

muscle groups that are situated in between the ribs that create and move the chest wall.

Answer 31

intercostal muscles los músculos intercostales

Question 32

essential for life as it lines the alveoli to lower surface tension, thereby preventing alveoli collapse during breathing.

Answer 32

pulmonary surfactant el surfactante / tensoactivo pulmonar

Question 33

The respiratory system is lined with a (blank)membrane that secretes (blank). The mucus traps smaller particles like pollen or smoke.

Answer 33

mucus / snot el moco la mucosidad

Question 34

mucus that is coughed up from the lower airways (the trachea and bronchi).

Answer 34

sputum / phlegm el esputo / la flema

Question 35

(Blank) is the most common type of pulmonary function or breathing test. This test measures how much air you can breathe in and out of your lungs, as well as how easily and fast you can the blow the air out of your lungs.

Answer 35

Spirometry la espirometría

Question 36

are a group of tests that measure breathing and how well the lungs are functioning.

Answer 36

pulmonary function test lung function test el examen de la función pulmonar / la prueba de la función pulmonar

Question 36

Nebulized therapy is often called a (blank) You can use nebulizers with a variety of medications, both for controlling asthma symptoms and for relief right away.

Answer 36

breathing treatment.

Question 37

a device that turns the liquid medicine into a mist which is then inhaled through a mouthpiece or a mask.

Answer 37

nebulizer treatment

Question 38

can detect cancer, infection or air collecting in the space around a lung, which can cause the lung to collapse.

Answer 38

chest x-ray la radiografía de tórax / pecho

Question 39

a procedure a doctor uses to look at the larynx (voice box), including the vocal cords, as well as nearby structures like the back of the throat.

Answer 39

laryngoscopy

Question 40

a procedure that lets doctors look at your lungs and air passages.

Answer 40

bronchoscopy

Question 41

a test that checks for bacteria or another type of organism that may be causing an infection in your lungs or the airways leading to the lungs.

Answer 41

sputum culture

Question 42

dys- // dis-

Answer 42

Meaning “bad” or “difficult”

Question 43

a- // a- an- // an-

Answer 43

Meaning “none” or “without”

Question 44

hypo- // hipo-

Answer 44

Meaning “low”

Question 45

hyper- // hiper-

Answer 45

Meaning “high”

Question 46

pneum/o – neum/o pneumon/o – neumon/o

Answer 46

Meaning “the lung”

Question 47

pulmon/o – pulmon/o

Answer 47

Meaning “the lung”

Question 48

bronch/o – bronc/o (bronqu/o)

Answer 48

Meaning “the bronchus”

Question 49

“stetho/o – estet/o thorac/o – torac/o lapar/o – lapar/o

Answer 49

Meaning “the chest” or “the thorax”

Question 50

trache/o – traque/o

Answer 50

Meaning “the trachea”

Question 51

ox/y (ox/i) – ox/i

Answer 51

Meaning “oxygen”

Question 52

pnea – pnea (nea) spir/o – espir/o

Answer 52

Meaning “breath” or “air”

Question 53

cyan/o – cian/o

Answer 53

Meaning “blue color”

Question 54

-otomy // -otomía

Answer 54

Meaning “a surgery to cut into/cut open”

Question 55

-osis // -osis

Answer 55

Meaning “condition”

Question 56

-metry // -metría

Answer 56

Meaning “process of measuring”

Question 57

-itis // -itis

Answer 57

Meaning “inflammation”

Question 58

-scopy // -scopia (-scopía)

Answer 58

Meaning “visual examination”

Question 59

-scope // -scopio

Answer 59

Meaning an “an instrument for viewing”

Question 60

the medical discipline that is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the skin, hair, and nails in both children and adults.

Answer 60

dermatology la dermatología

Question 61

a medical doctor who specializes in treating the skin, hair, and nails.

Answer 61

dermatologist el dermatólogo

Question 62

a surgical specialty involved with both the improvement in a person’s appearance and the reconstruction of facial and body tissue defects due to illness, trauma, or birth disorders.

Answer 62

plastic surgery

Question 63

do surgeries to repair or reconstruct burns, scars, injuries, or any external body part.

Answer 63

plastic surgeon

Question 64

a subspecialty of plastic and reconstructive surgery that is concerned with the correction of malformations of the soft tissues and bones of the head.

Answer 64

craniofacial surgery la cirugía craneofacial

Question 65

the largest organ of the body. One of the main functions of the (blank) is protection.

Answer 65

Skin la piel

Question 65

your body’s outer layer. It consists of your skin, hair, nails and glands.c

Answer 65

integumentary system el sistema integumentario

Question 66

Another name for the skin is the cutaneous

Answer 66

membrane

Question 66

nerve structures that detect stimuli like touch, temperature and pain. The (blank) are densely concentrated on the tips of the fingers, which are extremely sensitive to touch.

Answer 66

sensory receptors

Question 66

waxy substance produced by your body’s sebaceous glands.

Answer 66

sebum

Question 67

the outermost layer of skin on your body.protects your body from harm, keeps your body hydrated, produces new skin cells and contains melanin, which determines the color of your skin.

Answer 67

epidermis

Question 67

a protein that helps form hair, nails and your skin’s outer layer.

Answer 67

keratin

Question 68

the pigment that is responsible for our beautiful variety of skin tones and shades, eye colors, and hair colors.

Answer 68

melanin

Question 69

the middle layer of skin in your body. It has many different purposes, including protecting your body from harm, supporting your epidermis, feeling different sensations and producing sweat and hair.

Answer 69

dermis

Question 70

the bottom layer of skin in your body. It has many important functions, including storing energy, connecting the dermis layer of your skin to your muscles and bones, insulating your body and protecting your body from harm.

Answer 70

hypodermis subcutaneous tissue

Question 71

microscopic glands found in your hair follicles that secrete sebum.

Answer 71

sebaceous glands

Question 72

tubular structures of the skin that produce sweat or water to cool the body

Answer 72

sweat glands sudoriferous glands

Question 73

tiny openings in the skin that house hair follicles

Answer 73

pores

Question 74

the visible part of the hair that sticks out of the skin.

Answer 74

hair shaft

Question 75

is produced by living skin cells in the finger

Answer 75

nail

Question 76

is in the skin and extends down to the deeper layers of the skin.

Answer 76

hair root

Question 77

the area of the head where head hair grows.

Answer 77

scalp

Question 78

the visible hard nail area from the nail root to the free edge

Answer 78

nail body nail plate

Question 79

the portion of the nail found under the surface of the skin at the near end of the nail.

Answer 79

nail root

Question 80

the layer of cells that lies under a fingernail or a toenail.

Answer 80

nail bed

Question 81

hypo- // hipo- sub- // sub-

Answer 81

Meaning “low” or “beneath”

Question 82

epi- // epi-

Answer 82

Meaning “above” or “over”

Question 82

derm/o – derm/o dermat/o – dermat/o cutane/o – cutane/o

Answer 82

Meaning “skin”

Question 83

cutane/o – cutane/o

Answer 83

Meaning “skin”

Question 84

lip/o – lip/o

Answer 84

Meaning “fat”

Question 85

hem/o – hem/o hemat/o – hemat/o

Answer 85

Meaning “blood”

Question 86

erythr/o – eritr/o eryth/o – erit/o

Answer 86

Meaning “red color”

Question 87

albin/o – albin/o

Answer 87

Meaning “white color”

Question 88

melan/o – melan/o

Answer 88

Meaning “black color”

Question 89

-itis // -itis

Answer 89

Meaning “inflammation”

Question 90

-oma // -oma

Answer 90

Meaning “mass” or “swelling”