Immunology

Question 1

What type of bacteria express LPS?

Answer 1

Gram negative

Question 2

What is the PRR for LPS?

Answer 2

TLR4

Question 3

Where do naive B cells reside in the lymph nodes?

Answer 3

Cortex

Question 4

Where do naive T cells reside in the lymph nodes?

Answer 4

Paracortex

Question 5

Through what do naive lymphocytes enter the lymph nodes?

Answer 5

High endothelial venules

Question 6

What is IgM specialised for?

Answer 6

First responder. Activates classical pathway of complement cascade.

Question 7

What is IgA specialised for?

Answer 7

present in mucosa. Neutralises

Question 8

What is IgD specialised for?

Answer 8

rarest. Expressed on B cells

Question 9

What is IgG specialised for?

Answer 9

Most common. Neutralises and opsonises. Antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC); flag for NK cells

Question 10

What is IgE specialised for?

Answer 10

Elevated in parasitic infections and allergy. Degranulation.

Question 11

CD4+ T cells are also known as what type of T cell?

Answer 11

Helper T cells

Question 12

CD8+ T cells are also known as what type of T cell?

Answer 12

Cytotoxic T cells

Question 13

How long after entering tissue until neutrophils die?

Answer 13

Within hours

Question 14

Define Type II hypersensitivity

Answer 14

IgM and IgG are generated against host antigens on cell surface or ECM. Igs then initiate complement or disrupt normal funciton.

Question 15

Define Type III hypersensitivity

Answer 15

IgM and IgG are generated and form immune complexes that can’t be cleared and thus lodge in capillaries or glomeruli

Question 16

How are immune complexes usually removed?

Answer 16

By resident macrophages in the spleen

Question 17

Define allo graft

Answer 17

Transfer organs between different members of the same species

Question 18

Which cells are responsible for the tissue graft rejection response?

Answer 18

T cells

Question 19

In transplantation, what will cause rejection of a tissue within minutes to hours?

Answer 19

Preformed anti-donor antibodies and complement

Question 20

In transplantation, what will cause rejection of a tissue within days to weeks?

Answer 20

Primary activation of T cells

Question 21

What are the 3 classes of drug used in tissue transplantation?

Answer 21

Anti-inflammatories (GCS) Calcineurin inhibitors (eg cyclosporin, tacrolimus) Anti-proliferative (azathioprine)

Question 22

What is the most commonly transplanted organ in Australia?

Answer 22

Kidney

Question 23

Which prostaglandin is the biggest contributor to inflammation?

Answer 23

PGE2