Immunology Peer Tute 2 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Define immunological memory
The ability to respond more rapidly and more effectively to a second encounter with an antigen
What are the receptors of the innate immune system?
PRRs
What are the receptors of the adaptive immune system?
BCR
TCR
What are 5 important cells of the innate immune system?
Neutrophils Macrophages NK cells Eosinophils Mast cells
What’s the role of neutrophils?
Phagocytosis and microbial killing
What’s the role of macrophages?
Phagocytosis
Cytokines/chemokines
Wound healing
What’s the difference between a macrophage and a monocyte?
Monocyte is what they’re called in the blood. Macrophages are in the tissue
What’s the main role of eosinophils?
Targeting pathogens too large to be phagocytosed
What pathologies are associated with eosinophils?
Allergy
What receptor is on the surface of mast cells?
FcER
What does the FcER bind?
Free IgE
What activates mast cells?
Cross linking of the IgE’s by specific antigens
What are the three pathways of complement cascade activation?
Classical
Mannose-binding lectin
Alternative
At what point do the three pathways of complement activation converge?
They all generate C3 convertase, which cleaves C3 to C3a and C3b
What are the 3 final outcomes of complement activation?
Inflammation
Opsonisation
Pathogen lysis
Which components of complement activation mediate inflammation
C3a and C5a
How do C3a and C5a cause inflammation?
Chemotaxis
SM spasms
Increase in vessel permiability
What components of complement activation mediate opsinisation?
C3b
How does C3b assist in phagocytosis?
The phagocytes have complement receptors
Which components of complement activation mediate lysis?
C5, C6, C7, C8, C9
How to C5-C9 assist in pathogen lysis?
They form the MAC (membrane attack complex), which creates pores in the cell membrane of the bacteria
For which pathogen is MAC an important defence?
Neisseria spp.
