immunoped

Question 1

organ that develops and maintains peripheral lymphoid tissues

Answer 1

thymus

Question 2

2 major functions of thymus

Answer 2

maturation of precursor T-lymphocytes; induction of immunocompetence

Question 3

when are T cells first detected in the thymus

Answer 3

7th-8th week AOG

Question 4

site of immune response generation

Answer 4

lymph nodes

Question 5

organ vital for immune responses to blood-borne antigens and acts as waste disposal system

Answer 5

spleen

Question 6

where is MALT found

Answer 6

Peyer’s patches in the SI; lymphoid follicles in the appendix; tonsils in the pharynx; submucosal lymphoid tissue throughout the upper airways and bronchi

Question 7

T-cell that kill microorganism by direct action on their surfaces

Answer 7

CD8+ or suppressor/cytotoxic cells

Question 8

nonphagocytic cells that perform antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity

Answer 8

NK cells

Question 9

protein that creates pores on cell membranes of target cells resulting in lysis

Answer 9

cytolysin

Question 10

first line of defense against neonatal herpes virus infection

Answer 10

NK cells

Question 11

time it takes for a PMN to mature from a myeloblast

Answer 11

14 days

Question 12

term for migration toward site of microbial invasion

Answer 12

chemotaxis

Question 13

contains granules with major basic protein that are toxic for helminths

Answer 13

eosinophils

Question 14

effectors of immediate hypersensitivity that carry Fc receptors for IgE

Answer 14

mast cells and basophils

Question 15

humoral elements

Answer 15

Ig; complement; cytokines; ab produced by B cells and plasma cells

Question 16

largest Ig; earliest antibody in response to an Ag

Answer 16

IgM

Question 17

most abundant Ig; can traverse the placental barrier

Answer 17

IgG

Question 18

Ig synthesized in the submucosa of the respiratory GIT and exretory glands

Answer 18

IgA

Question 19

Ig predominantly found on the human B lymphocytes like IgM; responsible for differentiation of B cell

Answer 19

IgD

Question 20

Ig less than 10% of the serum; role in parasitic infxn and allergic rxn

Answer 20

IgE

Question 21

main fxn is to mediate inflammatory processes and facilitate ingestion of opsonizing pathogens for phagocytosis

Answer 21

complement

Question 22

complements common to both to classical and alternative pathways

Answer 22

C5-C9

Question 23

main anaphylatoxins that provoke inflammation

Answer 23

C3a and C5A

Question 24

complement that has a role in opsonization

Answer 24

C3b and C5b

Question 25

acts as binding sites and signal transducers for interacting cells; aka phenotypic markers/MHC

Answer 25

Human Leukocyte antigens

Question 26

cell surface proteins that identifiy a particular cell lineage; transduce signals that lead to ymphocyte activation; recognized by monoclonal antibodies; promote cell to cell interaction and adhesion

Answer 26

cluster differentiation(CD) antigen

Question 27

due to release of mediators like histamine leukotriene serotonin after activation by allegens of specific cells(mast and basophils)

Answer 27

Type I (immediate hypersensitivity)

Question 28

Type I rxns

Answer 28

asthma; allergic rhinitis; anaphylaxis

Question 29

Ab bind to Ag and the immune complex formed activates complement leading to formation of MAC eventually leading to cell lysis

Answer 29

Type II (cytotoxic rxn)

Question 30

Type II rxns

Answer 30

hemolytic dse; eryhtroblastosis fetalis; graft rejection; chronic keratitis; Goodpastures; blood transfusion rxn; ITP

Question 31

Type III (immune-complex mediated) rxns

Answer 31

PSGN; serum sickness; RA; SLE; SJS; PAN

Question 32

Ag deposited at local site initiate rxn from sensitized T-cells capable of destroying tissues or target cells

Answer 32

Type IV (delayed hypersensitivity)

Question 33

Type IV rxns

Answer 33

PPD test; contact allergic dermatitis; syphilis; leprosy

Question 34

dse characterized by a block in the dev't of pre-B cell to B cell due to a defect in the heavy chain gene rearrangement; low or absent Ig's; few or abseB cells

Answer 34

X-linked/Bruton's dse agammaglobulinemia

Question 35

increased susceptibility to viral; fungal; and protozal infxn; aberrant thymus; low lymphocyte count; abnormal facies; hypothyroidism; congenital heart dse

Answer 35

DiGeorge Syndrome (CATCH-22)

Question 36

selective defect in cell mediated immunity with susceptibility to chronic candida infection of the skin and mucous membranes; 50% are due to deficiency of adenosine deaminase

Answer 36

Severe Combine Immunodeficiency Disorder

Question 37

when to suspect immunodeficiency

Answer 37

1 or more systemic bacterial infxn(sepsis; meningitis); 2 or more resp or documented bac infxn w/in 1 year; serious infxns occurring at unusual sites(liver; brain abscess); infxns with unusual pathogens; infxns with common childhood pathogens but of unusual severity

Question 38

defect in X linked hyper-IgM syndrome

Answer 38

deficiency of CD40L on activated T cell

Question 39

defect in transient agammaglobulinemia

Answer 39

delayed onset of maturation of normal IgG

Question 40

defective response in bacterial polysaccharide and depressed IgM; gradual loss of humoral and immune response; thrombocytopenia and eczema

Answer 40

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

Question 41

deficiency in NADPH oxidase; recurrent infxn with CATALASE POSITIVE bacteria

Answer 41

chronic granulomatous disease

Question 42

absence of CD18(common B chain of leukocyte integrin); Leukocytosis; failure to form pus; delay in umbilical cord sloughing

Answer 42

Leukocyte adhesion defect

Question 43

granule structural defect; recurrent bacterial infxn; partial albinism

Answer 43

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

Question 44

deficiency in TNF-gamma; coarse facies; cold abscess; inc IgE

Answer 44

Job's Syndrome

Question 45

screening tests for humoral diseases

Answer 45

serum IgA; antibody titers to vaccines

Question 46

screening test for cell mediated diseases

Answer 46

candida skin test

Question 47

screening test for macrophage diseases

Answer 47

nitroblue tetrazolium test; respiratory burst array

Question 48

screening test for complement disease

Answer 48

CH50

Question 49

allergic rhinitis that follows sensitization to wind-borne pollens of trees grasses &weeds; prevalence increases with age

Answer 49

seasonal AR