Immunosero Lec M1

Question 1

He recorded individuals who contracted the plague at that time and those who recovered became “IMMUNE” or “EXEMPT”

Answer 1

Thucydides

Question 2

It is structured to recognize, respond to, and destroy various invading microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that are harmful to the body.

Answer 2

Immune System

Question 3

The earliest recognized attempt to intentionally induce immunity to an infectious disease

Answer 3

China

Question 4

considered as “Cradle of Civilization”

Answer 4

Greece

Question 5

The plague/disease was caused by

Answer 5

Y. pestis

Question 6

can be acquired from a rodent’s bite or urine

Answer 6

Y. pestis

Question 7

Exposure of healthy people to material from the lesions

Answer 7

Variolation

Question 8

Promoted variolation in England and had her surgeon variolate her four-year-old daughter in the presence of the king’s physician.

Answer 8

Lady Mary Wortley Montague

Question 9

Royal Experiment

Answer 9

Charles
Maitland,

Question 10

Inoculated James Phipps with material obtained from a cowpox lesion that appeared on the hand of a dairymaid.

Answer 10

Edward Jenner

Question 11

Inducing or creating immunity by
using a weakened formed of pathogen

Answer 11

Vaccination

Question 12

Give two ways on how variolation was introduced to the body?

Answer 12

Putting it under the skin, or
- Inserting powdered scabs from
smallpox pustules into the nose

Question 13

Extinct (the cause of extinction is Edward Jenner)

Answer 13

Smallpox

Question 14

used actual small pox virus to protect people

Answer 14

Variolation

Question 15

used the far less dangerous cow pox virus; injecting weakened small pox

Answer 15

Vaccination

Question 16

Used Pasteurella multocida - would cause chicken cholera bacillus

Answer 16

Louis Pasteur

Question 17

What bacteria was used by Louis Pasteur in his experiment on chickens?

Answer 17

Pasteurella multocida

Question 18

Smallpox vaccination

Answer 18

Edward Jenner 1798

Question 19

Live, attenuated chicken cholera and anthrax vaccines

Answer 19

Louis Pasteur 1880-1881

Question 20

Cellular theory of immunity through phagocytosis

Answer 20

Elie Metchnikoff 1883-1905

Question 21

Therapeutic vaccination First report of live “attenuated” vaccines for rabies

Answer 21

Louis Pasteur 1885

Question 22

**Humoral theory of immunity proposed (antibodies cause immunity)

Answer 22

Emil von Behring, Shibasaburo Kitasato 1890

Question 23

Demonstration of cutaneous (delayed-type ) hypersensitivity

Answer 23

Robert Koch 1891

Question 24

Complement

Answer 24

Jules Bordet 1894

Question 25

Precipitation

Answer 25

Robert Kaus 1897

Question 26

Antibody formation theory

Answer 26

Paul Ehrlich 1900

Question 27

Immediate-hy persensitivity Anaphylaxis

Answer 27

Maurice Arthus 1903

Question 28

Cells are capable of causing immunity thru phagocytosis

Answer 28

Cellular theory

Question 29

Antibodies would cause immunity”

Answer 29

Humoral theory

Question 30

Humoral immunity refers to the production of?

Answer 30

Antibodies

Question 31

Opsonization

Answer 31

Wright and Douglas 1903

Question 32

Hypothesis of antigen-anti body Binding (Lattice Formation)

Answer 32

John Richardson Marrack 1938

Question 33

Immunologic process in transplantation

Answer 33

Medawar 1944

Question 34

Development of Polio Vaccine

Answer 34

Jonas Salk Albert Bruce Sabin 1949

Question 35

Vaccine against yellow fever

Answer 35

Walter Reed 1951

Question 36

What year? Graft-vers us-host reaction (GVH - body reject transplanted organ)

Answer 36

1953

Question 37

Clonal Selection Theory

Answer 37

Frank Macfarlane Burnet 1957

Question 38

What Year? T-cell and B-cell cooperation in immune response

Answer 38

1964-1968

Question 39

Structure of Antibodies

Answer 39

Gerald M. Edelman Rodney R. Porter

Question 40

First monoclonal antibodies/ Hybridoma Technology

Answer 40

Georges Kohler Cesar Milstein 1975

Question 41

Major Histocompat ibility Complex (MHC)

Answer 41

Baruj Benacerraf Jean Dausset George Snell 1980

Question 42

Graft-versus-host

Answer 42

Also known “GVH”; when body rejects transplanted organ

Question 43

He introduced the immunologic process in transplantation?

Answer 43

Medawar

Question 44

"HPV" is also known as ___; The disease causes __ & __

Answer 44

Human papillomavirus vaccine; warts & cervical cancer

Question 45

Discovered HIV in 1983 & 1984 RESPECTIVELY

Answer 45

Luc Montagnier (1983) & Robert Gallo (1984)

Question 46

Developed HPV

Answer 46

Frazer (2005)

Question 47

Type of immunity that involves transferring of Ab from immunized hosts to non-immune

Answer 47

Passive Immunnity

Question 48

Immunity from the body itself

Answer 48

Active Immunity

Question 49

Type of Active Immunity that involves naturally recovering from the disease

Answer 49

Natural Active Immunity

Question 50

Type of Active Immunity that involves vaccines in recovering from the disease

Answer 50

Artificial Active Immunity

Question 51

Immunity that involves specificity & memory

Answer 51

Adaptive Immunity

Question 52

Type of immunity that resists infectious agents thru normally present body functions

Answer 52

Innate (Natural) Immunity

Question 53

Skin, saliva, tears, & blood are examples of what immunity?

Answer 53

Innate (Natural)

Question 54

Macromolecule that is capable of forming immunoglobulins (antibodies)

Answer 54

Antigen

Question 55

Product of B lymphocytes & plasma cells to response against pathogens

Answer 55

Antibody

Question 56

Shape of an Ab

Answer 56

Y-shaped

Question 57

Attraction between Fab site on an antibody & an epitope

Answer 57

Affinity

Question 58

Strength which multivalent antibody binds on a multivalent antigen

Answer 58

Avidity

Question 59

Has a single epitope & fab site

Answer 59

Affinity

Question 60

Has multiple epitope & fab site

Answer 60

Avidity

Question 61

Tolerance that describes on how the body controls the immune system

Answer 61

Immunologic Tolerance

Question 62

Destruction of lymphocytes in peripheral organs

Answer 62

Peripheral Tolerance

Question 63

4 examples of secondary lymphoid organs

Answer 63

Spleen, Lymph nodes, lymph vessels, peyer's patches

Question 64

T & B cells destruction as they mature in either thymus or BM

Answer 64

Central Tolerance

Question 65

Where Ab attaches; Key portion of immunogen against which immune response is directed; Known as "Determinant Site"

Answer 65

Epitope

Question 66

"Fab site"; Antigen-binding sites & part of antibody that recognizes and binds to an antigen

Answer 66

Paratope

Question 67

Chain that makes up an immunoglobulin monomer which consists of two heavy chains paired with two light chains

Answer 67

Heavy Chain

Question 68

an immunoglobulin molecule bound to the larger chain by disulfide bonds

Answer 68

Light chain

Question 69

two types of light chains

Answer 69

kappa and lambda

Question 70

Fragment of an immunoglobulin molecule obtained by papain cleavage consisting of carboxy-terminal halves of two heavy chains

Answer 70

Fc Fragment

Question 71

Fragment of an immunoglobulin molecule obtained by papain cleavage consisting of a light chain and one-half of a heavy chain

Answer 71

Fab Fragment

Question 72

What connects the light chain and heavy chain of the Fab Fragment of antibodies?

Answer 72

Disulfide bond

Question 73

Protein coded for human MHC genes that has essential roles in the immune response and the rejection of foreign transplants; Also known as "Tissue typing"

Answer 73

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) or Major Histocompatibility Complex

Question 74

Cell-surface molecules expressed on leukocytes and other cells relevant for the immune system; basically proteins found in surface of cells

Answer 74

Cluster of Differentiation