individualistic theories Flashcards
(23 cards)
what is behaviour modification?
using reinforcement to either get rid of or encourage certain behaviours through positive and negative reinforcement
what theory is behaviour modification based on?
operant conditioning
what is ‘token economy’?
attempting to fix behaviour by either giving or taking away certain luxuries in order to correct or force behaviours
pros of behaviour modification?
-improves social skills
-reduces emotional outburst
-helps add people back into society
cons of behaviour modification?
-can fail to address underlying issues
-doesn’t work well with short term sentences
-may not work outside prison- loses structure
what is CBT?
a type of psychotherapy that helps individuals better understand their emotions and behaviour
what is ART, what does it stand for?
aggression replacement training- skill streaming, anger control and moral training
4 components of skill streaming?
modelling, role playing, feedback, transfer of training
what is ART based on?
kohlbergs moral development theory
what is kohlbergs moral development theory?
individuals learn how their moral decisions are driven
pros of CBT?
-short term therapy
-practical skills
-can be affective for anxiety, depression
cons of CBT?
-it has a structural approach
-no suitable for all
-limited long-term research
what is psychoanalysis?
the knowledge of the mind and human nature, investigating emotions and thoughts
who founded psychoanalysis?
sigmund freud
what did freud believe about the unconscious mind?
some thoughts had to be pushed away as they weren’t acceptable
how often did freud see his patients?
6 days a week
cons of psychoanalysis?
-not easy to carry out
-time consuming
-expensive
-not practical
-requires highly trained therapists
-sometimes not effective/ suitable
pros of psychoanalysis?
-leads to long term changes in behaviour
-helps to gain deep self understanding
-leads to long lasting emotional and behavioural change
what is aversion therapy?
a behavioral technique that aims to reduce or eliminate unwanted behaviors by associating them with unpleasant stimuli
who was aversion therapy mainly used on?
gay men
pros of aversion therapy?
-can be effective in reducing
-fast
-usually administered in controlled environments by professionals
cons of aversion therapy?
-ethical issues
-can be short term
-ignores underlying reasons
-can cause emotional distress, anxiety
