basics Flashcards
(27 cards)
what are values?
general principles or guidelines for how we should live our lives. They tell us what is right and what is wrong; what is good and what is bad.
what are norms?
specific rules or socially accepted standards that govern people’s behaviour in particular situations, for example- a value that is found in all societies is respect for human life
what are moral codes?
basic rules, values and principles held by an individual, group, organisation or society as a whole.
what are mores?
society’s most important moral rules, for example: Incest or taking human life, or an extreme example - cannibalism
what is deviance?
any behavior that violates social norms or expectations, whether formal (laws) or informal (social conventions)
what are the three types of deviance?
odd behaviour, admired behaviour and bad behaviour
does bad behaviour brake the law?
yes
what is the legal definition of crime?
an act that breaks the law, this can be punished by imprisonment, a fine or community service
what is the social definition of crime?
an act that offends society
what is the extended definition of deviance?
an act that goes against the norms, (social expectations that guide the way that society behaves. The norms of society help to keep deviant behaviour in check. The norms differ from country to country and culture to culture.) values (rules shared by most people in a culture or religion. It is what people feel should happen but are more guidelines than norms e.g. respecting the elderly/holding the door open for someone/saying please and thank you etc ) and moral codes (are ‘good ways’ of behaving. Breaking a moral code would be considered serious in society e.g murder/rape ) of society
what are the sanctions of deviant behaviour?
formal and informal sanctions
how do people express their disproves of deviant behaviour?
• Frowning upon behaviour
•Name calling
• Ignoring behaviour
• Labelling behaviour
•Parents grounding children
• Excluding people trom certain social groups
what are the consequences for deviant illegal behaviour?
formal sanctions
what are the consequences for legal deviant behaviour?
informal sanctions
what is actus reus?
guilty physical act (you physically did something illegal
what is mens rea?
a guilty mind (you meant to do it)
when was the equality act?
2010
when was the dangerously dog act?
1991
when was the homosexual marriage act?
1967
what does social construction refer to?
something that has been made or defined by society, rather than simply occurring naturally.
what counts as criminality?
whichever acts a society defines as criminal
can society’s and cultures label particular acts differently?
yes
do the values of society often change?
yes
what is a policy?
a rule/strategy put in place by the government in order to help reduce the crime that exists in the country.
