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DCNP Review > Infections, Infestations & Bites > Flashcards

Infections, Infestations & Bites Flashcards

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1
Q

Anthrax occurs most often in humans via which route?

A

Cutaneous inoculation

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2
Q

Which individuals have the highest risk of contracting anthrax?

A

Meat packer

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3
Q

The most significant clinical finding for diagnosis of cutaneous anthrax is

A

Location

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4
Q

The recommended treatment for a large carbuncle is

A

Incision and Drainage

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5
Q

A patient presents to the emergency department with agonizing muscle spasms. He reports feeling a bite about 1 hour prior to the onset of spasms. You suspect which insect bite?

A

Black widow spider

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6
Q

Appropriate treatment for the muscle spasms from a balcony widow bite include:

A

IV benzodiazepines

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7
Q

A patient presents to the office with a bull’s eye lesion on his right thigh. His history is significant for hiking in a wooded area within the past week. You suspect:

A

Lyme disease

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8
Q

Drug of choice for treatment of Lyme disease is

A

Oral doxycycline for 21 days

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9
Q

A 60-year-old female patient presents with a hyperesthetic area on her right thigh. There is a grayish blue hall surrounding a central punctum. You suspect:

A

Brown recluse spider bite

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10
Q

The drug of choice to treat a brown recluse bite is

A

Dapsone

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11
Q

Effective methods to remove an attached tick from the skin include what

A

Grasp the tick with a tweezer close to the skin and pull upward

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12
Q

Honeybees and bumblebees have a venom sac attached to their stinger which injects what substance when stinging?

A

Forming acid

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13
Q

A mother calls the dermatology office triage nurse stating her 3-year-old son has been stung on the arm by a honeybee. The most important information the triage nurse should tell this mother is

A

Remove the stinger

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14
Q

The imported fire ant bite creates an erythematous wheal that develops into

A

Sterile pustules with neutrophils

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15
Q

An adult epi-pen consists of which dosage of epinephrine?

A

0.3 mg of 1:1000

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16
Q

What clinical presentation of intertrigo would suggest candidiasis?

A

Satellite pustules

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17
Q

A 29-year-old seemingly healthy male presents with persistent oral candidiasis. What test should be ordered?

A

HIV

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18
Q

What is the daily amount of vaginal cream treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis?

A

5 gram

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19
Q

Treatment of oral candidiasis should be discontinued when?

A

7 days after symptom resolution

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20
Q

Patient presenting with cellulitis on the lower leg that culture came back positive for MRSA. This can be treated with all of the following antibiotics but:
A. Clindamycin
B. Doxycycline
C. Levaquin
D. Bactrim DS

A

C. Levaquin

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21
Q

Cutaneous larva migrNs is caused by the larvae of

A

Hookworms

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22
Q

Prevention of cutaneous larva migrans is most likely accomplished by

A

Wearing shoes when working outdoors

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23
Q

A frequent cause of pitysporum folliculitis is

A

Antibiotic use

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24
Q

A condition of the hair where fungal elements adhere to one another to form firm nodules describes

A

Black pledra

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25
The age group most likely to develop tinea capitis is
Children
26
The dermatophyte infection that originates from animals describes
Zoophilic
27
The tinea capitis pattern type that includes the presence of scutula is:
Favus
28
The organism that is the leading cause if tinea capitis in the US is
T. tonsurans
29
A granulomatous lesion starting at a hair follicle describes:
Majocchi's Granuloma
30
The type of tinea pedis that can be quite chronic and resistant treatment best describes
Moccasin
31
Tinea cruris has a high association with
Tinea pedis
32
Which of the following oral antifungal agents do not inhibit the cytochrome p450?
Terbanifine
33
Which of the following oral antifungal agents is associated with fulminant hepatitis?
Ketoconazole
34
A toddler presents with a low grade fever and symmetrical asymptomatic papular eruption affecting the face and extremities. There are no lesions on the trunk. The parents note that child had "cold" symptoms prior to outbreak of the lesions. This child most likely has:
Gianotti-Crosti
35
The most common cause of Gianotti-Crosti sybdrome in the US is
Epstein-Barr Virus
36
Early diagnosis of leprosy is necessary to prevent or minimize problems with
Peripheral neuropathy
37
Contact with what has been associated with the development of leprosy?
Armadillos
38
One to three well-demarcated lesions with central hypopigmentation and hypoesthesia describes which type of leprosy?
Tuberculoid
39
A patient diagnosed with leprosy has been clinically improving when they suddenly develop an eruption of numerous painful nodules deep in the dermis. This describes:
Type 2 immunologic reaction
40
An eighteen year old female presents with painful vesicles on the vulva suspicious for genital herpes. The viral etiology of this outbreak is
Either HSV 1 or 2
41
What percentage of patients who tested seropositive for HSV2 in the NHANES survey were not aware they had the condition?
80%
42
Which groups have the highest risk of developing HSV 2 infections according to the 2019 US data?
African American Females
43
The most common route of transmission for varicella is
Airborne
44
John, an 82 year old male develops herpes zoster. His wife inquires if she is at risk for "catching" zoster. The correct response is
A seronegative individual may contact varicella
45
Which topical antiviral have the highest affinity for disrupting the viral polymerase chain?
Acyclovir and penciclovir
46
Which antiviral is the least effective when used for suppression of HSV 1 and 2?
Famciclovir
47
Herpes gladiatorum is more likely to occur individuals who participate in which sport?
Wrestling
48
The medication utilized for post herpetic analgesia which inhibits norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake describes
Amyriptyline
49
Roseola is associated with which type of herpes virus?
HhV-6
50
Common verryca do not extend past which level of the skin?
Epidermis
51
The subtypes of HPV that has been connected to develop.ebt of neoplasm and dysplasia are
16 and 18
52
The black dots seen on the surface of a verruca are
Thrombosed capillaries
53
A 4 year old female presents with condyloma at the rectal area. The practitioner should
Notify child protective services
54
What percentage of all cases of impetigo is related to non-bullous type?
70%
55
The causative organism for most cases of impetigo is
S. aureus
56
Bullous impetigo may be confused with
Bullous pemphigoid
57
1 4 year old male patient presents to the clinic with honey colored crusting on the left chin. The remainder of his examination and history findings are unremarkable. What treatment should be prescribed?
Topical mupirocin
58
New world leishmaniasis occurs in which geographical are?
Americas
59
Which type of leishmaniasis is specific only to the new world type?
Mucocutaneous
60
Molluscum contagiosum is caused by
Pox virus
61
A 4 year old female presents with multiple dome shaped umblicated lesions that are diagnosed as molluscum contagiosum. Her parents inquire about treatment options and should be told:
It can resolve without treatment
62
Which treatment for pediculosis that is available in an oral form
Ivermectin
63
Delusions of parasitoses describes a
Fixed delusions
64
Psoriasis that is worsened by emotional factors describes
Psychophysiological disorder
65
Self-induced lesions caused by a foreign object describes
Dermatitis artefacta
66
What percentage of patients presenting with delusions of parasitoses will have an additional psychological disorder?
70%
67
Doxepin belongs to which medication classification
Tricyclic antidepressants
68
Peak onset age for trichotillomania is
Toddlers
69
Acne excoriee most likely occurs in which group
Adolescent females
70
A major adverse reaction of pimozide is
Tardiness dyskinesia
71
"Discontinuation symptoms" with pumozide include:
Agitation
72
Which of the following is not a characteristic of buspirone? A. Rapid onset B. Limited risk of dependency C. Side effect of nausea D. Non-sedating
A. Rapid onset
73
The drug of choice for scabies treatment is
Permethrin 5% cream
74
A patient with smallpox is most contagious during which phase
Pustular phase
75
Small pox vaccine would be contraindicated in
Individual with pystular smallpox rash
76
True or False: when comparing smallpox lesions to those of varicella, smallpox lesions almost always scar
True
77
The rate of mortality with various major infection is
30%
78
The mortality rates of adults with staphylococcal scalded skin sybdrome
50%
79
Which of the following cutaneous signs is not a characteristic of Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome?
Oral mucosal lesions
80
The group with the most rapid increase in syphilis diagnosis is
Men having sex with men
81
The development of a chance occurs in
Primary stage
82
Patients with a diagnosis of syphilis have a fourfold increased risk of developing
HIV
83
The most definitive diagnosis test for syphilis is
Darkfield microscopic examination
84
The medication of choice to treat syphilis is
Benzathine PCN
85
Infants born to mothers with syphilis at the time of delivery often have
Development delays
86
Clinical lesions of "gummas" occur in which stage of syphilis?
Tertiary stage

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