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Pathology > Inflammation IV > Flashcards

Inflammation IV Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of diseases are fungal infections (eg histoplasmosis, coccidiodomycosis)?

A

Granulomatous diseases (p.216)

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2
Q

What kind of disease is treponema pallidum (syphilis)?

A

Granulomatous disease (p.216)

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3
Q

What kind of disease is M. leprae (leprosy)?

A

Granulomatous disease (p.216)

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4
Q

What kind of disease is Bartonella henselae (cat scratch disease)?

A

Granulomatous disease (p.216)

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5
Q

What kind of disease is Sarcoidosis?

A

Granulomatous disease (p.216)

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6
Q

What kind of disease is Crohn’s disease?

A

Granulomatous disease (p.216)

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7
Q

What kind of disease is Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s)?

A

Granulomatous disease (p.216)

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8
Q

What kind of disease is Churg-Strauss syndrome?

A

Granulomatous disease (p.216)

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9
Q

What kind of disease are Berylloisis and Silicosis?

A

Granulomatous diseases (p.216)

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10
Q

Describe the immune response that leads to granuloma formation.

A

Th1 cells secrete gamma-interferon, activating macrophages. TNFa from macrophages induces and maintains granuloma formation (p.216)

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11
Q

Name one detrimental side effect of anti-TNF drugs.

A

Breakdown of sequestering granulomas which leads to disseminated disease (p.216)

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12
Q

What causes a transudate?

A

Disturbances in colloid osmotic pressure, not inflammation (p.216)

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13
Q

What causes an exudate?

A

Filtration from the circulatory system into lesions or areas of inflammation (p.216)

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14
Q

What three characteristics define a transudate?

A

Transudates are: hypocellular, protein poor, and have a specific gravity of less than 1.012 (p.216)

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15
Q

What three characteristics define an exudate?

A

Exudates are: cellular, protein rich, and have a specific gravity of greater than 1.020 (p.216)

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16
Q

What are the three characteristic causes of a transudate?

A

Increased hydrostatic pressure, decreased oncotic pressure, sodium retention (p.216)

17
Q

What are the two characteristic causes of an exudate?

A

Lymphatic obstruction, inflammation (p.216)

18
Q

What is an Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)?

A

A measure of inflammation- Products of inflammation (e.g. fibrinogen) coat RBCs and cause aggregation. When aggregated, RBCs fall at a faster rate within the test tube (p.217)

19
Q

Name five conditions that increase ESR.

A

Infections, inflammation (e.g. temporal arteritis), cancer, pregnancy, SLE (p.217)

20
Q

Name three conditions that decrease ESR.

A

Sickle cell (altered RBC shape), Polycythemia (too many RBCs), CHF (unknown cause) (p.217)

21
Q

What type of poisioning is one of the leading causes of fatality from toxicologic agents in children?

A

Iron poisioning (p.217)

Pathology (14 decks)

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