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Infectious Diseases > Influenza 1 > Flashcards

Influenza 1 Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

Are viruses eukaryotic or prokaryotic

A

neither

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2
Q

in what 4 ways to viruses differ from prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

A

-function
-genome
-growth
-structure

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3
Q

Genome of viruses

A

few genes encoded by DNA or RNA

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4
Q

how to viruses grow

A

they are an obligate intracellular replicator

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5
Q

Structure of viruses

A

no proper cellular organisation

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6
Q

Upper infection sites of flu

A

-nose mucus membranes
-pharynx
-larynx

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7
Q

lower infection sites of flu

A

-Trachea
-Bronchus
-Bronchioles
-Alveoli

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8
Q

how is flu transmitted

A

-Aerosolised water droplets
-fomite transmission

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9
Q

what is fomite transmission

A

-form an infected inanimate object

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10
Q

epidemiology of flu

A

3-5 million severe cases
290-650k deaths

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11
Q

people most at risk form flu

A

<5
>65
pregnant
underlying condition
immunocompromised
healthcare workers

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12
Q

incubation period of flu

A

1-4 days
-asymptomatic

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13
Q

infectious period of flu

A

-varies from 3-5 days to >2 weeks

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14
Q

acute illness

A

5-7 days

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15
Q

chronic illness

A

> 7 days - never

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16
Q

what family is influenza part of

A

Orthomyxoviridae

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17
Q

influenza classification

A

-ve sense ssRNA

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18
Q

what does -ve sense mean

A

connot be directly translated as not compatible with host machinery

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19
Q

Genera of Orthomyxoviridae

A

-7 genera
-4 influenza

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20
Q

How many types of influenze

A

4 - A,B,C,D

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21
Q

what influenza infect humans

A

A,B,C

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22
Q

what influenza infect animals

23
Q

viral envelope

Study These Flashcards
A

-Phospholipid bilayer
-generated from previous host when exiting

24
Q

what does the viral envelope contain

Study These Flashcards
A

-matrix protein 2’s
-Haemagglutinin
-neuraminidase
-matrix protein 1

25
function of matrix protein 2
-protein channel -allows ion movement
26
function of haemagglutinin
mediates membrane fusion of virion and host cell *pH dependent
27
Haemagglutinin description
-3 identical subunits -sugars and proteins -18 different subtypes
28
how many haemagglutinin per virus
300-400
29
how many neuraminidase per virus
40-50
30
neuraminidase description
-4 identical subunits -11 different subtypes -sugars and proteins
31
function of neuraminidase
-allows new virion to exit host without re-associating with dying cell
32
function of matrix protein 1
-protective shell providing structural rigidity
33
what creates virus environment
-phospholipid bilayer -matrix protein1
34
what allows entry to host cell
-haemagglutinin -matrix protein 2
35
allows exit from host cell
neuraminidase
36
Inside viral structures
-non structure protein 1 -non structure protein 2 -nucleocapsid proteins -ribonucleoproteins
37
Function of non structural protein 1
avoids host defence mechanism
38
Function of non structural protein 2
helps with movement of viral RNA within host cell
39
Nuclear Export Protein [NEP] 2) also known as
Non-structural protein 2
40
function of nucleocapsids
act as single stranded binding proteins to protect genome
41
types of ribonucleoproteins
-PA -PB1 -PB2
42
function of RIBONUCLEOPROTEINs
turn -ve sense RNA into +ve -RNA dependent RNA polymerase
43
what does segment 1 of genome code for
PB1 protein
44
what does segment 2 of genome code for
PA protein
45
what does segment 3 of genome code for
PB2 protein
46
what segments code for RNA dependent RNA polymerase
1,2,3
47
what does segment 4 of genome code for
-Haemagglutinin
48
what does segment 5 of genome code for
nucleocapsid proteins
49
what does segment 6 of genome code for
Neuraminidase
50
what does segment 7 of genome code for
-matrix proteins 1 and 2
51
what does segment 8 of genome code for
-N51 proteins -NS2/NEP proteins
52
How can 1 genome segment code for more than one protein
-splicing
53
what is splicing
removal of non-coding regions and joining of coding regions

Infectious Diseases (15 decks)

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