Inheritance

Question 1

Genotype

Answer 1

The genetic composition of an organism, which describes all the alleles it contains

Question 2

Phenotype

Answer 2

An organisms observable characteristics- results from the interaction of genotype and environment

Question 3

Gene

Answer 3

A length/ section of dna that codes for the production of a particular polypeptide

Question 4

Locus

Answer 4

Position on a chromosome of a particular gene

Question 5

Allele

Answer 5

A gene variant, occupies the same locus.

Question 6

Dominant

Answer 6

Expressed and affects an organisms phenotype even when present with the recessive allele

Question 7

Recessive

Answer 7

Only expressed when the dominant allele is absent

Question 8

Codominant

Answer 8

Two alleles that both contribute to the organisms phenotype to an equal extent

Question 9

Heterozygous

Answer 9

Having two different alleles of a gene

Question 10

Homozygous

Answer 10

Having two identical alleles of a gene

Question 11

Haploid

Answer 11

Half the number of chromosomes (one of each of the pairs of chromosomes found in the parent cell)
Gametes in meiosis

Question 12

Diploid

Answer 12

The full complement of chromosomes for the cell - total number of chromosomes in all of the homologous pairs)
Human cells in mitosis

Question 13

Homologous chromosomes

Answer 13

A pair of chromosomes, one maternal and one paternal, that have the same gene loci