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Anatomy Block 3 > Innervation of Thoracic and Abdominal Viscera > Flashcards

Innervation of Thoracic and Abdominal Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

What supplies The parasympathetic input to the thoracic viscera

A

Entierly vagus preganglionics

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2
Q

What supplies the sympathetic input to the thoracic viscera

A

Postganglionic neurons in sympathetic trunk ganglia of upper 5 thoracic verterbra

superior middle and inferior cervical ganglia

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3
Q

What provides innervation to the heart

A

autonomic innervation given by cardiac plexus

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4
Q

Where are the 2 components of the cardiac plexus located

A

Superfical: under concavity of arch of aorta

Deep: located anterior to bifurcation of trachea inside fibrous pericardium

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5
Q

What branches provide Parasympathetic GVE to the cardiac plexus (pre or post)

A

Cervial cardiac from Vagus
Thoracic cardiac from Vagus
Preganglionic

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6
Q

What provides Sympathetic GVE to cardiac plexus (pre or post)

A

Sympathetic trunk ganglia T1-T5 (Thoracic cardiac branches)

Superior, Middle and inferior cervical ganglia (cervical cardiac branches)

Postganglionics

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7
Q

What provides parasympathetic sensory to the cardiac plexus

A

Inferior ganglion of vagus

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8
Q

What provides sympathetic sensory to the cardiac plexus

A

posterior root ganglia of T1-T5

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9
Q

Where do the nerves of the cardiac plexus go to reach destination

A

Follow vasculature to subsidiary plexuses and effector structures

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10
Q

What results from sypathetic stimulation of the atrial plexus?

A

Increase heart rate and strength of contraction

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11
Q

What results from parasypathetic stimulation of the Coronary plexus?

A

Constriction of coronary arteries

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12
Q

What results from parasypathetic stimulation of the atrial plexus?

A

decreased heart rate and strength of contraction

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13
Q

What results from sypathetic stimulation of the coronary plexus?

A

DIlation of coronary arteries

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14
Q

Where are the two components of the pulmonary plexus and where are they located

A

Anterior: anterior aspect of tracheal bifurcation at root of lung

Posterior: Posterior root of lung

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15
Q

Which of the components of the pulmonary plexus is ganglionated

A

Posterior

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16
Q

What does the posterior portion of the pulmonary plexus connect to

A

Anterior pulmonary plexus and cardiac plexus

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17
Q

Anterior pulmonary plexus is considered a subsidiary of what

A

The cardiac plexus

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18
Q

What provides parasympathetic innervation to the pulmonary plexus (pre or Post)

A

Cardiac plexus and thoracic branches of vagus
as it passes behind bronchi

Preganglionic

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19
Q

What provides sympathetic innervation to the pulmonary plexus (pre or Post)

A

Sympathetic trunk of T1-T6 and cardiac plexus

Postganglionic

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20
Q

What would sympathetic stimulation of the lungs cause?

A

Bronchodilation and decreased mucus secretion

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21
Q

What would parasympathetic stimulation of the lungs cause

A

Bronchoconstriction and increased mucus secretion

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22
Q

Where is the esophageal plexus located

A

inferior 2/3rds of esophagus

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23
Q

What nerves compose most of the esophageal plexus

A

Left and right vagus separate into fasicles to form most of the plexus

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24
Q

When do the vagus nerves seperate and reconjoin in the thoracic cavity

A

sperate into fascicles on lower 2/3rds of esophagus

rejoin near esophageal opening in diaphragm

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25
Q

What is the right vagus called after passing into the abdominal cavity and why

A

Posterior vagal trunk

Stomach rotation causes it to lie posterior to stomach

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26
Q

What is the left vagus called after passing into the abdominal cavity and why

A

anterior vagal trunk

Stomach rotation causes it to lie anterior to stomach

27
Q

What is the parasymathetic innervation to the esophageal plexus (pre or post)

A

Fasiculation of vagus across inferrior 2/3rds of esophagus

preganglionic

28
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation to the esophageal plexus (pre or post)

A

Thoracic ganglia adjacent to esophagus
Postganglionic

(also some contribution from cardiac plexus or branches ascending from abdominal plexuses)

29
Q

Where is the sensory to the esophageal plexus from

A

Travels with vagus and sympathetic nerves

30
Q

What is the result of sympathetic stimulation to the esophageal plexus

A

decreased peristalsis and secretion (indirectly via vasoconstriction

31
Q

What is the result of parasympathetic stimulation to the esophageal plexus

A

increase peristalsis and secretion

32
Q

Where is sympathetic motor to the abdominal viscera from

A

Thoracic Splanchnic nerves (greater, Lesser, Least) :preganglionic from T5-T12 intermediolateral cell columns

Lumbar splanchnic neres: Preganglionic L1-L2

33
Q

Where do preganglionic sympathetic innervation to abdominal viscera usually synapse

A

In ganglia within Viscera

34
Q

Where do preganglionic Parasympatetic motor to the abdominal viscera usually synapse

A

in the ganglia in walls of viscera

35
Q

Where does sensory to the abdominal viscera come from

A

Rides with sympathetic and parasympathetic components

36
Q

What is the largest prevertebral (preaortic) plexus and where is it found

A

aortic plexus T12-L3 vertebral levels

37
Q

Is the aortic plexus ganglionated or non ganglionated

A

ganglionated

38
Q

How are the associated plexuses of theaortic plexus named

A

by anatomical association with arterial branches

39
Q

Which is the largest named ganglia associated with aortic plexus

A

celiac ganglion

40
Q

Where is the celiac ganglion located

A

Adjacent to celiac artery

41
Q

What provide sympathetic innervation to the celiac ganglion (pre or post)

A

Greater Splanchnic nerves (T5-T9)

Preganglionic (most synapse there)

42
Q

What happens to pregangionic sympathetics that enter the celiac gangion

A

Most synapse there

some continue on to synapse in more lat or inferior ganglion OR in medulla of the suprarenal glands

43
Q

What provides Parasympathetic to the Celiac ganglion

A

Posterior vagal trunk

ANTERIOR VAGAL TRUNK BYPASSES GANGLION

44
Q

Do fibers of the posterior vagal trunk synapse in the celiac gangion

A

No they pass through

45
Q

What does the anterior vagal trunk distribute to

A

passees by celiac gangion to distribute directly into derivatives of foregut instead (liver stomach etc)

46
Q

What type of fibers synapse in the celiac ganglion

A

only sympathetic

47
Q

Where are the aorticorenal plexuses found

A

adjacent to the renal arteries

48
Q

What provides sympathetic innervation to the aorticorenal plexus

A

Lesser Splanchnic nerves (T10-T11)

Least splanchnic nerves (T12)

Preganglionic with most synapsing there but some continuing through

49
Q

What provides Parasympathetic innervation to the aorticorenal plexus

A

Continuations of the preganglionic Vagla fibers from celiac plexus (so posterior fibers)

50
Q

What is and where is the intermesenteric plexus

A

Named fibers and associated ganglia of the aortic plexus between the inferior and superior mesenteric plexuses

51
Q

What provides parasympatetics to the intermesenteric plexus (pre or post)

A

Vagus nerves from the aorticorenal plexus (posterior)

Prreganglionic

52
Q

What is special about the vagal fibers to the intermesenteric and what do they innervate

A

It is the distal extent of vagal innervation

supplies large intestine to left colic splenic flexure

53
Q

What provides sympathetic to the intermesenteric plexus (pre or post)

A

Upper two lumbar splanchnic (L1-L2)

54
Q

What is the last named subsidiary plexus of the aortic plexus

A

inferior mesenteric plexus

55
Q

What supplies parasympathetic to the inferior mesenteric (pre or post)

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4)

From Hypogastric plexus and hypogastric nerves

Preganglionic

56
Q

What provides sympathetic innervation to the inferior mesenteric (pre-Post)

A

Upper 2 lumbar splanchinc nerves (L1-L2)
from intermesenteric

preganglionic

57
Q

What provides sympathetic innervation to the supeior hypogastric plexus

A

Lower 2 lumbar splanchnic (L1-L2)

58
Q

What provides parasympathetic innervation to the superior hypogastric plexus

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4) (from hypogastricnerves)

59
Q

What is the general trend of parasympathetic and sympathetic as far as synapsing and travel

A

Sym: synapse in ganglia in the plexuses the distribute via vessels

Para: do not synapse in plexus but distribute along vessels to synapse on postganglionic nerve cell bodies in walls of organ

60
Q

Where are the preganglionic portions of the sympathetic innervation to the cardiac and pulmonary plexuses

A

In the interomediolateral cell column of the upper 5-6 thoracic segments (GVE)

Posterior root gangion of upper 5-6 thoracic segments

61
Q

Where do the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers of the pulmonary plexus synapse

A

in ganglia in the smooth muscle and glands of bronchi

62
Q

Where do the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers of the cardiac plexus synapse

A

in ganglia in the walls of the atria and coronary arteries

63
Q

Where do the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers of the esophageal plexus synapse

A

In smooth muscle walls of the esophagus

Anatomy Block 3 (16 decks)

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