Flashcards in Internal Medicine GI, Endo, Rheuma Deck (52)
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1
Aluminum hydroxide side effect
Magnesium hydroxide side effect
PPI side effect
Sucralfate side effect
Bismuth side effect
Constipation
Diarrhea
Angioedema
Constipation
Black tarry stool, neurotoxicity
2
If unresponsive to therapy after ____ days
What test
ZES, 14
Secretin test
3
Dieulafoy lesion. What?
Large caliber arteriole in LESSER curvature
4
AST/ALT >1000
Viral hepatitis
Ischemic liver injury
Toxin
5
AST:ALT > 2
AST:ALT < 1
Type of liver disease
Alcoholic liver disease
NAFLD, chronic viral
6
Budd Chiari syndrome
Triad
Patho
Ab pain, hepatomegally, ascites
Venous thrombus / embolus in hepatic veins
7
ALD
Cut off for glucocorticoids
How to compute
Discriminant function > 32
(PT - control) + serum bilirubin
8
ALD
MELD score
PT INR Serum bilirubin, Serum creatinine
9
Child pugh score
Bilirubin
Ascites
INR PT
Encephalopathy
Albumin
10
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
Value of PMN in ascitic fluid
>2 organisms =
250/uL
Secondary bacterial peritonitis (perforation)
11
Hepatic encephalopathy
Is only diagnosed in ________
Usually increase in blood ______
Fulminant liver disease
Ammonia
12
First indication of portal hypertension
Splenomegaly
13
Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis
1. Epigastric pain radiating to back
2. Amylase and/or lipase x3
3. Imaging
14
Pain medication of choice in acute pancreatitis
Meperidine
15
Most important intervention in pancreatitis?
Fluids: pNSS or Lactated ringers
16
Metabolic syndrome
Central obesity
Hypertriglyceridemia
Low HDL cholesterol
Hypertension
Fasting glucose
3/5
17
Metabolic syndrome
Central obesity
South asians
M >90cm
F >80cm
US
M> 102
F> 88
18
Metabolic syndrome
TAG
Serum TG > 150mg/dL
19
Metabolic syndrome
Low HDL
<40 males
<50 females
20
Metabolic syndrome
Bp
>130, >85
21
Metabolic syndrome
Fasting Blood glucose
FBS > 100
Type 2 DM
22
DM diagnosis
FBS impaired
OGTT 75g
Hba1c
RBS
100-125 impaired fasting glucose
140-199
5.7-6.4
>200 + polyuria polydipsia, polyphagia
23
FBS, OGTT fasting time
At least 8 hours
24
DM screening
1. Usual start
2. Earlier screen if?
>45years every 3 years
Overweight + 1 risk factor
25
DM drugs that cause
Weight loss?
Weight gain?
Weight loss: biguanides metformin
Weight gian: insulin secretagogues. Glip glic glim + repaglinide
26
Treatment goals of DM
Hba1c
Preprandial glucose
Post prandial glucose
BP
LDL
HDL
TAG
1. <7%
2. 80-103mg/dL
3. <180mg/dL
4. <140/90
5. <100 LDL
6. >40 mg/dL
7. <150mg/dL
27
Lab testing for DM patients
1. Hba1c testing
2. DM nephropathy
3. Lipid profile , creatinine
1. 2-4 times ayear
2. Annual
3. Annual
28
Hypoglycemia diagnosis
<55mg/dL + symptoms
29
Whipples triad
Hypoglycemia
Low plasma glucose
Relief of symptoms after correction
30
