Intro E2 Ch 3 Flashcards
(53 cards)
Toddlers ages
1-3
How have toddlers body proportions shifted from infancy
Chest,legs, bellies, skin
Chest: is larger than head
Legs: growing faster than trunk WADDLE FOR BALANCE
- protruding bellies
Skin: thicker skin less vulnerable to rashes and surface injuries
Dentition facts: #, monitoring, prevention, biggest concerns #, monitoring, prevention, biggest concerns
Dentition = teeth
Now have 16 primary teeth: can chew
Monitor for biting and stop habit
Dental care to preserve root beds and spacing for secondary teeth
High sugar content should be avoided to prevent dental caries (cavities)
Why should toddlers be weaned from their bottle by this time
Sugar for milk accumulates in the back of teeth may cause damage
What does the stomach of a toddler look like
Now larger stomach eat less frequently with less than sensitivity
How many bowel movements do toddlers have a day
About 1 to 2 times per day
Toddler Heart rate and lung capacity statistics
Now have a larger capacity with high energy levels
Heart rate 100 to 110 bpm
Resp rate 20-30 bmp
V infants
Heart rate 120 to 160 bpm
Resp rate 30-60 bpm
With more developed kidneys What can toddlers do
Can now concentrate urine decreasing urination frequency meaning less diaper changes
Toddler gross motor milestones
Climbing, jumping, skipping, running, walking back and sideways , on tip toes, balance in 1 foot
Toddler fine motor milestones
Can build towers up to six blocks, use fat pencils, copy draw stick people, feed themselves with utensils and drink from cup
Toddler brain facts
Size, what their brain signals
Is now at full anatomical size but still developing
Occurring myelination: increase speed of neural transmission and speed of sensory perception
—-allows them to feel when they have to poop or void
Weight and height statistics for toddlers
Growing slower than infancy
Weight: gaining 5 to 6 pounds per year
Height: growing 4 to 5 inches a year
Toddler nutrition how much do they eat and how to feed
Don’t need as many calories because of slow the growth
Toddlers don’t like taking time to eat they should be offered finger foods and small servings that can be placed in the palm of their hand
Food jags
Define a toddlers food jags
Were they only want to eat a certain food at a time
I.e nuggets all week then only corn dogs
Should food be used as a reward
Food should never be used as a reward may develop unhealthy eating habits later in life
What are sleeping requirements for toddlers
Require 10 hours per night +1 to 2 hour day naps
What do toddlers rely heavily on
Routines: they should have consistency with bedtimes and other activities to help them feel secure
Like having a favorite stuffed animal or blanket
Define separation anxiety and what is it related to
Separation anxiety is when toddlers get extremely anxious about not having their parents or caregivers around as they feel their security depends on them being close related to the concept of OBJECT PERMANENCE
To work through separation anxiety where should parents always play in reference to their children
 they should plan a room adjacent to or in view of caregiver
How do toddlers learn about the world
Through play: exploring and playing with things that are not toys
What type of play do toddlers have
Parallel play: playing side by side but never interacting with another toddler
What is not understood in toddlers
Sharing is not understood toddlers will NOT share
What must toddlers be at all times
Toddlers must be supervised at all times,
Their environment should be safe and all harmful objects like medication, knives, weapons and tools as well as choking hazards should be out of reach and kept away
What is a toddlers psychosocial developmental theory
Autonomy v shame and doubt
Age: 1-3
Task: Toileting/ dressing
Question: Can I do things myself or will I always have to rely on others
Outcome: gaining control of physical skills and achieving a sense or independence
Success: sense of purpose
Failure: shame and doubt that follows in life in the form of decision hesitancy
