Intro to Enzymology

Question 1

Are biological proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions. Intracellular proteins produced by living cells

Answer 1

Enzymes

Question 2

T/F: Enzymes increase the rate or velocity of chemical reactions

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

T/F: In the laboratory, enzymes are measured based on their activity and not by their absolute values

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

Activity of the enzyme to a substrate is __ to their concentration

Answer 4

directly proportional

Question 5

Majority of enzymes are located

Answer 5

Intracellular

Question 6

If there’s an increase in plasma, it indicates:

Answer 6

1. Cell is injured or damaged
2. Increased membrane permeability

Question 7

Functions of enzymes (6)

Answer 7

1. Hydration of Carbon dioxide
2. Nerve induction
3. Muscle contraction
4. Nutrient degradation
5. Growth and reproduction
6. Energy storage and use

Question 8

A waterless cavity of an enzyme
where substrates bind and undergo a chemical reaction

Answer 8

Active site

Question 9

Cavity other than the active site that binds regulatory or effector molecules

Answer 9

Allosteric site

Question 10

T/F: Binding of the active site and substrate is SPECIFIC and must fit in order to bind with each other

Answer 10

TRUE

Question 11

Substances acted upon by enzymes. It is specific for a particular enzyme

Answer 11

Substrate

Question 12

Non-protein entities added in the enzyme-substrate complex to manifest enzyme activity.

Answer 12

Cofactors

Question 13

What are the types of cofactors?

Answer 13

• Coenzyme
• Activator
• Isoenzymes
• Apoenzyme
• Holoenzyme

Question 14

Also known as the second substrate, an organic cofactor that hastened or speed up enzymatic reactions

Answer 14

Coenzyme

Question 15

Example of coenzyme

Answer 15

NAD and NADP

Question 16

Metallic or nonmetallic ions that is added to enhance the enzyme activity. They alter the spatial configuration of enzyme active site to facilitate substrate binding

Answer 16

Activator

Question 17

Example of Metallic activator

Answer 17

Mg, Ca, Zn, Fe

Question 18

Example of Nonmetallic activator

Answer 18

Cl and Br

Question 19

Enzymes with similar enzymatic activity but differ in physical, biochemical, and immunologic characteristics

Answer 19

Isoenzymes

Question 20

T/F: In the lab, isoenzyme measurement is preferred than the Total enzyme activity measurement

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

Example of isoenzyme

Answer 21

CK Isoenzymes

Question 22

CK 1

Answer 22

CNS

Question 23

CK 2

Answer 23

Myocardium

Question 24

CK 3

Answer 24

Skeletal muscles and also found in the heart

Question 25

Protein portion of the enzyme. When this is subjected to the denaturation process, enzyme activity is lost

Answer 25

Apoenzyme

Question 26

What structure is destroyed when there's a denaturation reaction?

Answer 26

Tertiary structure

Question 27

The process of heating at 56degC can lead to

Answer 27

Denaturation

Question 28

Active substance formed by the combination of a coenzyme and apoenzyme (coenzyme + apoenzyme)

Answer 28

Holoenzyme