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MTAP 2 - CC2 (Trans-Enzymology) > Other Liver enzymes > Flashcards

Other Liver enzymes Flashcards

1
Q

Other name for Alkaline Phosphate

A

Alkaline orthophosphoric monoester phosphohydrolase

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2
Q

Catalyze the hydrolysis of various phosphomonoesters at an alkaline pH (around 9-10)

A

Alkaline Phosphate

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3
Q

Liberate inorganic phosphate from an organic phosphate ester with production of alcohol

A

Alkaline Phosphate

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4
Q

ALP requires what activator?

A

Magnesium

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5
Q

In healthy human sera, most ALP is derived from the

A

Liver and bones specifically OSTEOBLAST

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6
Q

For evaluation of hepatobiliary and bone disorders

A

ALP

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7
Q

Major tissue sources of ALP

A

Liver, Bones, Placenta, Intestine and Kidneys

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8
Q
  • Based on molar absorptivity and p-nitrophenol
  • Absorbance is measured at 405 nm (visible light spectrum
A

Bowers and McComb

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9
Q

Color of product in Bowers and McComb

A

Yellow

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10
Q

Bodansky, Shinoowara, Jones, Reinhart substrate and end product

A

S: b-glycero-phosphate
E: Inorganic PO4 and Glycerol

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11
Q

Bessy, Lowry and Brock, Bowers and McComb substrate and end product

A

S: P-nitrophenyl phosphate
E: P-nitrophenol (yellow)

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12
Q

King and Armstrong substrate and end endproduct

A

S: Phenyl phosphate
E: Phenol

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13
Q

T/F: among kids (10-puberty) is because the bone cell is affected by growth hormone surge and during bone growth, osteoblasts are active → ALP is released

A

TRUE

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14
Q

Fastest ALP isoenzyme and elevates in liver diseases; most anodic

A

Liver ALP

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15
Q

Two fractions of Liver ALP

A

Major liver (abundance)
Fast liver (a1) band (fast migration)

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16
Q

Heat labile (when temperature is increased, the activity is significantly decreased [seen at 56 deg C])

A

Bone ALP

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17
Q

Increase in bone dse., healing of bone fractures and physiologic bone growth

A

Bone ALP

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18
Q

Can be pathologic (PAGET’S dse or osteitis deformans) and physiologic (bone fracture because of the activity of osteoblast [repair process])

A

Increase Bone ALP

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19
Q

Most heat stable fraction and increase in pregnancy (16th-20th week of gestation)

A

Placental ALP

20
Q

Associated or linked in malignancy or cancer

A

Carcinoplacental ALP

21
Q

ALP isoenzyme which is the slowest; least anodic
- Slowest moving fraction, in blood groups B or O (secretors)

A

Intestinal ALP

22
Q

Placental and Intestinal ALP are inhibited by

A

Phenylalanine

23
Q

Bone ALP is inhibited by what chemical inhibitor

A

3M urea reagent

24
Q

Chemical inhibitor for Bone and Liver ALP

A

Levamisole

25
Q

Total ALP elevations by the liver or bone ALP is differentiated by

A

Heating of serum at 56degC for 10 mins

26
Q

Heat stability characteristics

A

Placental>Intestinal >Liver >Bone
(placental - most heat stable ; bone - most heat labile)

27
Q

ALP residual activity is decreased up to >20%

A

Liver ALP

28
Q

ALP residual activity is decreased to <20% (heat labile)

A

Bone ALP

29
Q
  • Found on lung, breast, and gynecological cancers, bone ALP co-migrator
  • Most heat-stable ALP (remains stable even after heating the serum sample at 65degC for 30 mins)
A

Regan ALP

30
Q

Seen on adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and bile duct, pleural cancer

A

Nagao ALP

31
Q

Reagent that can inhibit Regan ALP

A

Phenylalanine

32
Q

Reagents that can inhibit Nagao

A

Phenylalanine, L-leucine

33
Q

Acid Phosphatase (ACP) is also known as

A

Acid orthophosporic monoester phosphohydrolase

34
Q

Catalyze the hydrolysis of various phosphomonoesters at an acid pH

A

ACP

35
Q

Sources of Acid phosphatase

A

Prostate gland, RBC, platelets, and bones (osteoclast)

36
Q

● Liberate inorganic phosphate from an organic phosphate ester with production of alcohol
● For evaluation of metastatic carcinoma of prostate

A

ACP

37
Q

Now used as a tumor marker for prostate cancer since it is more specific than ACP

A

PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen)

38
Q

Prostatic ACP activity in cases of rape can only persist for how many days?

A

4

39
Q

Inhibit specific prostatic ACP

A

L-tartrate ions

40
Q

Inhibits red cell ACP

A

Formaldehyde and cupric ions

41
Q

Substrate for quantitative end point

A

Thymolpthalein monophosphate

42
Q

Substrate for Continuous monitoring

A

A-napthyl phosphate

43
Q

Give the substrate and end product for Gutman and Gutman

A

S: Phenyl PO4
E: Inorganic phosphate

44
Q

Shinowara substrate and endproducts

A

S: PNPP
E: P-nitrophenol

45
Q

Babson, Read and Phillips substrate and end products

A

S: Alpha naphtyl PO4
E: Alpha naphtol

46
Q

Substrate and end product for Roy and Hillman

A

S: Thymolphthalein MonoPO4
E: Free thymolphthalein

MTAP 2 - CC2 (Trans-Enzymology) (9 decks)

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