Intro to Immunology Lecture

Question 1

The immune response system is primarily made up of

Answer 1

several types of mobile cells that arrange themselves into organs and tissues

Question 2

Cells of immune system interact with each other through

Answer 2

direct contact
chemical messengers and receptors

Question 3

Basic components of the immune system

Answer 3

innate
adaptive/acquired

Question 4

Innate

Answer 4

ancient system present in most eukaryotic life forms
pre-infection
exhibits broad specification
early response to infection
rapid response

Question 5

Adaptive/Acquired

Answer 5

exists only in vertebrates
matures on exposure to antigen
is remembered
slow response

Question 6

Types of cells in adaptive/acquired system

Answer 6

B cell
T cell

Question 7

Where do the cells of the immune system come from

Answer 7

hematopoiesis in the bone marrow

Question 8

Hematopoiesis

Answer 8

production of blood cells
- myeloid
- lymphoid

Question 9

Maturation of lymphocytes occurs in

Answer 9

Central Lymphoid organs

Question 10

B cells mature where

Answer 10

bone marrow of mammals

Question 11

T cells mature where

Answer 11

thymus

Question 12

Hematopoiesis occurs most in what part of the body

Answer 12

pelvis and vertebral

Question 13

Blood cells all come from

Answer 13

blood stem cells

Question 14

Maturation starts in the _____ and continues as cells move towards the _____

Answer 14

outer cortex
medulla

Question 15

what percentage of thymocytes make it out alive

Answer 15

5%

Question 16

Thymocyte development

Answer 16

T cell precursor in subcapsular sinus of outer cortex
move through cortex, lots of selection/proliferation/apoptotic death
only a few go to medulla and out

Question 17

during thymocyte development they acquire

Answer 17

diverse specificity and other surface receptors/markers

Question 18

The thymus does what with age

Answer 18

shrinks

Question 19

Classes of lymphocytes

Answer 19

B
helper T
Cytotoxic T
natural killer cells
natural killer T cells
gamma delta T cells

Question 20

Job of b lymphocytes

Answer 20

neutralize microbes, phagocytosis, complement activation

Question 21

Job of helper T lymphocytes

Answer 21

activation of macrophages
inflammation
activation of T and B lymphocytes

Question 22

Job of cytotoxic T lymphocytes

Answer 22

killing of infected cell

Question 23

Job of regulatory T lymphocyte

Answer 23

suppression of immune response

Question 24

Job of natural killer cell

Answer 24

killing of infected cell

Question 25

Where do the immune responses happen

Answer 25

lymph nodes spleen cutaneous immune system (skin) mucosal immune system

Question 26

Job of lymphatic system

Answer 26

enhancement and facilitation of the immune system

Question 27

Job of the lymph node

Answer 27

filtering substances that travel through the lymphatic system

Question 28

What is the major site of immune responses to blood-borne antigens and infections

Answer 28

spleen

Question 29

Where is the spleen located

Answer 29

behind the liver, over the kidney, has a single artery, arterioles, vascular sinusoids, venules and a single vein to portal vasculature (liver)

Question 30

What organ is both hematopoietic and lymphoid

Answer 30

spleen

Question 31

Red pulp

Answer 31

location in spleen destruction of old red blood cells

Question 32

White pulp

Answer 32

location in spleen-lymphoid and immune response

Question 33

T cell areas in white pulp

Answer 33

periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths

Question 34

B cell areas in white pulp

Answer 34

lymphoid follicles (germinal centers)

Question 35

Peyer's patch is located

Answer 35

in the lamina propria

Question 36

Innate immune cells

Answer 36

dendritic cells circulating monocytes macrophages

Question 37

Langerhans cells

Answer 37

first guard of skin immune system

Question 38

What goes on during an adaptive immune response

Answer 38

recognition activation and proliferation differentiation effector functions and memory homeostasis

Question 39

Passive immunity

Answer 39

transfer of immune responses to a naive animal

Question 40

Through passive immunity you can transfer

Answer 40

antibodies or lymphocytes

Question 41

How do adaptive immunity and innate immunity interact

Answer 41

innate begins process of adaptive adaptive can augment abilities of innate innate can extend functions of adaptive

Question 42

Innate immunity enhances

Answer 42

effector functions of adaptive immunity

Question 43

Stimulation of an effective immune response usually requires

Answer 43

more than just a signal provided by the antigen may be soluble product or surface ligand

Question 44

Go signal of antigens and the clonal selection theory

Answer 44

selection process outside the central lymphoid organs

Question 45

Clonal selection

Answer 45

antigen does not change specificity, it selects it

Question 46

Ready to be selected and activated antigen specific T lymphocytes do what

Answer 46

make themselves available by circulating activation alters whether they stay or go and where they settle