INTRODUCTION:CONCEPTS OF NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY

Question 1

is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for an organism.

Answer 1

Food

Question 2

Term that denotes the foundation for life and health based on food requirements of humans for activity, growth, maintenance, reproduction and lactation

Answer 2

Nutrition

Question 3

Includes the intake, digestion and utilization of nutrients for tissue maintenance and provision of energy

Answer 3

Nutrition

Question 4

process by which the body metabolizes and utilizes nutrients

Answer 4

Nutrition

Question 5

a substance ingested by an organism an assimilated by the organism’s cells to provide energy, maintain life, or stimulate growth

Answer 5

Food

Question 6

is the study of nutrients and the processes by which they are used by the body

Answer 6

Nutrition

Question 7

Basic function of Nutrition:

Answer 7

maintain life by allowing an individual to grow and be in a state of optimum health

Question 8

Nutrition and Nursing Care

Answer 8

1. Illness Prevention
2. Adapting Food Patterns
3. Modify Nutritional Factors

Question 9

the recognition of the role of nutrition in diseases or illness prevention

Answer 9

Nutrition and Nursing Care

Question 10

the concern for adapting food patterns of individuals to their nutritional needs within the framework of their cultural, economic and psychological situations and styles

Answer 10

Nutrition and Nursing Care

Question 11

the awareness of the need in specified diseaes states to modify nutritional factors for therapeutic purpose

Answer 11

Nutrition and Nursing Care

Question 12

Substances that the human body utilizes from foods that are consumed

Answer 12

Nutrients

Question 13

Nutrients are substances in foods required by the body for:

Answer 13

Maintenance
Repair
Energy
Growth

Question 14

Nutrients are classified according to:

Answer 14

Function
Chemical Composition
Essentiality
Concentration

Question 15

Classes of Nutrients Based on Chemical Composition:

Answer 15

Energy Nutrients
Organic Nutrients
Inorganic Nutrients

Question 16

Releases energy for maintenance of homeostasis

Answer 16

Energy Nutrients

Question 17

Ex. of Energy Nutrients

Answer 17

Carbohydrates, proteins, fats

Question 18

Build and maintain body tissues and regulate body processes

Answer 18

Organic Nutrients

Question 19

Ex. of Organic Nutrients

Answer 19

Carbohydrates, proteins, fats and vitamins

Question 20

Provide a medium for chemical reactions, transport materials, maintenance of body temperature, promote bone formation and conduct nerve impulse

Answer 20

Inorganic Nutrients

Question 21

Ex. Inorganic Nutrients

Answer 21

Water, minerals

Question 22

Classes of Nutrients Based on Essentiality:

Answer 22

Essential and Non-essential Nutrients

Question 23

Nutrients that the body cannot manufacture but is required for growth and maintenance

Answer 23

Essential Nutrients

Question 24

Nutrients required for human life

Answer 24

Essential Nutrients

Question 25

Nutrients which the body can make on its own

Answer 25

Non-Essential Nutrients

Question 26

Ex. of Essential Nutrients

Answer 26

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Fats, Protein, Some Vitamins and Minerals, Water

Question 27

Ex. of Non-Essential Nutrients

Answer 27

Biotin, Vitamin K, Vitamin D

Question 28

6 Categories of Nutrients

Answer 28

- Carbohydrates - Proteins - Lipids (Fats) - Vitamins - Minerals - Water

Question 29

Organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Answer 29

Carbohydrates

Question 30

Carbohydrates are organic compounds composed of

Answer 30

carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Question 31

Significant role in providing cells with energy and supporting the normal functioning of the body.

Answer 31

Carbohydrates

Question 32

Major source of fuel

Answer 32

Carbohydrates

Question 33

Provides the most efficient form of energy in the body

Answer 33

Glucose

Question 34

maintains the digestive system healthy and keeps our bowel movement soft and regular

Answer 34

Fiber

Question 35

Organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms; some proteins also contain sulfur.

Answer 35

Proteins

Question 36

Proteins are organic compounds that contain

Answer 36

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms; some proteins also contain sulfur.

Question 37

function of proteins

Answer 37

Genetic control of protein synthesis, cell function, and cell reproduction

Question 38

The end products of protein digestion

Answer 38

Amino acids

Question 39

amino acids that can be synthesized (manufactured) by the cells

Answer 39

Nonessential Amino Acids

Question 40

must be ingested in the diet because they cannot be synthesized in the body

Answer 40

Essential Amino Acids

Question 41

Organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as ether and alcohol

Answer 41

Lipids (Fats)

Question 42

Composed of the same elements as carbohydrates (carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen) but have a higher hydrogen concentration.

Answer 42

Lipids (Fats)

Question 43

basic structural units of most lipids and its primary role is for energy storage

Answer 43

Fatty acids

Question 44

Compounds that indirectly assist other nutrients through the complete processes of digestion, absorption, metabolism and excretion

Answer 44

Vitamins

Question 45

2 types of Vitamins:

Answer 45

- Water soluble vitamins - Fat soluble vitamins

Question 46

Water soluble vitamins

Answer 46

Vitamin B and Vitamin C

Question 47

Fat soluble vitamins

Answer 47

Vitamin A, D, E, K

Question 48

Serve structural purposes in the body and are found in body fluids.

Answer 48

Minerals

Question 49

Affects the nature of fluids which affects muscle function and CNS.

Answer 49

Minerals

Question 50

Example of Minerals

Answer 50

Calcium, Iron, Zinc

Question 51

important for healthy bones and teeth

Answer 51

Calcium

Question 52

helps muscles relax and contract

Answer 52

Calcium

Question 53

important in nerve functioning, blood clotting, blood pressure regulation, immune system health

Answer 53

Calcium

Question 54

part of a molecule (hemoglobin) found in red blood cells that carries oxygen in the body

Answer 54

Iron

Question 55

needed for making protein and genetic material

Answer 55

Zinc

Question 56

has a function taste perception, production of sperm, normal growth and sexual maturation, immune system health

Answer 56

Zinc

Question 57

Categories of Mineral

Answer 57

Major Minerals and Trace Minerals

Question 58

Required in amounts 100mg or higher

Answer 58

Major Minerals

Question 59

less than or equal to 20mg

Answer 59

Trace Minerals

Question 60

Major part of every tissue in the body

Answer 60

Water

Question 61

Fluid in which substances can be broken down and reformed for use by the body

Answer 61

Water

Question 62

Bridge between knowledge of essential nutrients and food consumption

Answer 62

Dietary Standards

Question 63

Provides a guide of adequate nutrient intake levels against which to compare the nutrient values of food consumed

Answer 63

Dietary Standards

Question 64

Dietary standards that are based on: - reviewing the available scientific data about specific nutrient use - assessing the function of these nutrients to reduce the risk of diseases - Evaluating current data on nutrient consumption levels among population

Answer 64

Dietary Reference Intakes

Question 65

Uses of Dietary Reference Intakes

Answer 65

- Planning meals for a large group - Interpreting food consumption information - Developing new food products

Question 66

Dietary Reference Intakes are Dietary standards that are based on:

Answer 66

- reviewing the available scientific data about specific nutrient use - assessing the function of these nutrients to reduce the risk of diseases - Evaluating current data on nutrient consumption levels among population

Question 67

is the collective term comprising reference value for energy and nutrient levels of intakes.

Answer 67

Philippine Dietary Reference Intakes

Question 68

Philippine Dietary Reference Intakes

Answer 68

- Estimated Average Requirement - Recommended Energy/Nutrient Intake - Adequate Intake - Tolerable Upper Intake Level

Question 69

Planning and assessing diets of healthy groups and individuals

Answer 69

Philippine Dietary Reference Intakes

Question 70

daily nutrient intake level that meets the median or average requirement of healthy individuals in particular life stage and sex group, corrected for incomplete utilization or dietary nutrient bioavailability.

Answer 70

Estimated Average Requirement

Question 71

the amount of a nutrient needed to meet the basic requirements of he average of the individuals in a specific group

Answer 71

Estimated Average Requirement

Question 72

basis for the RE/NI

Answer 72

Estimated Average Requirement

Question 73

level of intake of energy or nutrient which is considered adequate for the maintenance of health and well-being of healthy persons in the population.

Answer 73

Recommended Energy/Nutrient Intake

Question 74

daily nutrient intake level that is based on observed or experimentally-determined approximation of the average nutrient intake by a group (groups) of apparently healthy people that are assumed to sustain a defined nutritional state.

Answer 74

Adequate Intake

Question 75

highest average daily nutrient intake level likely to pose no adverse health effects to almost all individuals in the general population.

Answer 75

Tolerable Upper Intake Level

Question 76

The unit of measurement for the energy that the body gets from food

Answer 76

calorie

Question 77

Fuel factor for carbohydrates:

Answer 77

4 kcal/gm

Question 78

Fuel factor for fat:

Answer 78

9 kcal/gm

Question 79

Fuel factor for protein:

Answer 79

4 kcal/gm

Question 80

Calculation of food value:

Answer 80

Number of grams of specific nutrient x fuel factor of specific nutrient = energy value

Question 81

Food Guides

Answer 81

- Food Guide Pyramid - Pinggang Pinoy - FNRI Menu Guide Calendar - Nutritionally Adequate Menu

Question 82

Guide to the amount and kinds of foods we should eat daily to maintain health and to reduce risk of developing diet-related diseases

Answer 82

Food Guide Pyramid

Question 83

new, easy to understand food guide that uses a familiar food plate model to convey the right food group proportions on a per-meal basis, to meet the body’s energy and nutrient needs of Filipino adults

Answer 83

Pinggang Pinoy

Question 84

serves as a visual tool to help Filipinos adopt healthy eating habits at meal times by delivering effective dietary and healthy lifestyle messages

Answer 84

Pinggang Pinoy

Question 85

this cycle menu can serve as a guide among Feeding Coordinators in the planning and preparation of nutritious and healthy meals

Answer 85

FNRI Menu Guide Calendar