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Master Sommelier Theory 2025 > Italy: Central > Flashcards

Italy: Central Flashcards

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1
Q

Umbria - important DOCs and DOCGs

A

Orvieto DOC- whites from Grechetto, Trebbiano
Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG- reds from Sagrantino
Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG- reds from Sangiovese

only 2 DOCG

River Tiber (Tevere) flows through the region

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2
Q

What river flows through Umbria?

A

the Tiber (Tevere)

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3
Q

Orvieto DOC
grapes, styles

A

Umbria, central Italy

minimum 60% Trebbiano Toscano (Procanico) and Grechetto (di Orvieto and di Todi (Pignoletto)

maximum 40% other white grapes suitable for cultivation in Umbria and the province of Viterbo (i.e. Verdello, Drupeggio, Canaiolo Blanco, Malvasia Toscana)

made in sweet and dry styles

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4
Q

Capital of Umbria?

A

Perugia

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5
Q

Orvieto DOC
soil
geography

A

Umbria, shared with Lazio

Tufa soils (similar to Vouvray), and a higher concentration in the Classico region

Paglia river flows through Orvieto before meeting with the Tiber

Lago di Corbara in the east- provides fog that encourages botrytis for sweet wines

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6
Q

Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG
grapes
styles

A

in Umbria, Italy. History of sweet passito wines, but today the focus is dry wines, thanks in part to producer Arnaldo Caprai.

100% Sagrantino

Secco: 13%
Secco with “Vigna” indication: 13.5%
Passito: 11% (18% potential) — 80-180 g/l RS

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7
Q

Montefalco Sagrantino
geography

A

Martani Mountains (part of the Alps), fluvial deposits from the Bastardo Basin. fluvial and alluvial clay soils with high calcareous content.

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8
Q

Montefalco Sagrantino
communes

A

communes: Montefalco, Bevagna, Gualdo Cattaneo, Castel Ritaldi, and Giano dell’Umbria

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9
Q

appassimento for Sagrantino?

A

Sagrantino is aggressively tannic. Using the appassimento process on some of the grapes (partially drying) helps to break down the tannins

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10
Q

Montefalco DOC
grapes

A

same area as Sagrantino Montefalco DOCG

whites based on either Trebbiano (min 50%) or Grechetto (min 85%)

reds: minimum 60% - 80% Sangiovese; minimum 10% - 25% Sagrantino; maximum 30% other black grapes suitable for cultivation in Umbria

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11
Q

Torgiano DOC
grapes

A

in Umbria

whites: Trebbiano + others
red: Sangiovese

also: Spumante, late harvest, vin santo

varietal: Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay Pinot Grigio or Riesling Italico

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12
Q

Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG
grapes

A

Umbria

Minimum 70% Sangiovese
Maximum 30% other red grapes suitable for cultivation in Perugia

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13
Q

Umbria- name two producers

A

Paolo Bea- best

Lungarotti

Arnaldo Caprai

Marchesi Antinori Castello della Sala

Antonnelli San Marco

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14
Q

Marche- important grapes

A

white: Verdicchio, Pecorino, Passerina (Verdicchio di Matelica, Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva)

red: Montepulciano, Sangiovese, Vernaccia (Conero, Vernacci di Serrapetrona, Offida)

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15
Q

Abruzzo important DOC and DOCG

A

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC
Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG

Trebbiano d’Abruzzo DOC

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16
Q

Abruzzo- name 2 producers

A

Emidio Pepe

Edoardo Valentini

Masciarelli

Tiberio

Binomio

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17
Q

Lazio - important grapes?

A

Trebbiano, Malvasia

Rome is here!

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18
Q

Molise- important DOC? Grapes?

A

Biferno DOC- whites from Trebbiano; reds from Montepulciano*, Aglianico

Tintilia del Molise DOC- red & rose from local red grape
Molise DOC

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19
Q

Italian regions with no DOCG

A

Calabria
Liguria
Molise
Trentino-Alto Adige
Valle d’Aosta

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20
Q

Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG
grapes, styles
aging

A

in the Marche corresponding DOC: Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi.

DOCG: dry wine only, min 12.5% abv
DOC: allows bianco, spumante, passito, classico, classico superiore. ** has MGAs **

both min 85% Verdicchio

DOCG aging: 18 months from December 1 of the harvest year, including at least 6 months in the bottle

producers: Santa Barbara Stefano Antonucci, La Staffa, Andrea Felici

Castelli di Jesi is the larger of the two Verdicchio areas

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21
Q

Castelli di Jesi Verdiccio producers

A

Santa Barbara Stefano Antonucci
La Staffa
Andrea Felici

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22
Q

Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva DOCG
grapes, styles
geography

A

in Marche. corresponding DOC: Verdicchio di Matelica. Both min 85%

DOCG: dry wine only, min 12.5% abv
DOC: allows bianco, spumante, passito

Wines are grown in the Alta Vallesina, a high valley with a rare north-south orientation, protected from the maritime influence experienced by Castelli di Jesi. Average 350 m, but up to 720 m elevation. Steep inclines, limestone based soils = higher acid than di Jesi.

Matelica area is about 1/10th the size of Castelli di Jesi

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23
Q

Verdicchio di Matelica producers

A

Bisci,
Borgo Paglionetto
Tenuta Grimaldi

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24
Q

Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva - geography

Study These Flashcards
A

Wines are grown in the Alta Vallesina, a high valley with a rare north-south orientation, protected from the maritime influence experienced by Castelli di Jesi. Average 350 m, but up to 720 m elevation. Steep inclines, limestone based soils = higher acid than di Jesi.

25
Offida DOCG where? grapes
in the southern Marche, in Ascoli Piceno and Fermo provinces Pecorino (Bianco) - min 85% Passerina (Bianco) - min 85% Offida Rosso- min 85% Montepulciano
26
Rosso Piceno DOC where? grapes
in the southern Marche Rosso/Rosso Novello/Rosso Superiore 35% - 85% Montepulciano 15% - 50% Sangiovese maximum 15% non-aromatic red grapes suitable for cultivation in Marche Varietal Sangiovese minimum 85% Sangiovese maximum 15% non-aromatic red grapes suitable for cultivation in Marche
27
Conero DOCG where? grapes
in the Marche, also called Conero Riserva DOCG. Rosso Conero is corresponding DOC Minimum 85% Montepulciano Maximum 15% Sangiovese limestone-heavy soils, yielding Montepulciano wines that are more tannic and austere than those grown further south in Abruzzo min 2 years aging
28
Lacrima di Morro d’Alba DOC where? grapes
in the Marche. lacrima = tear, likely because of the tear drop shaped berries minimum 85% Lacrima, in dry red and passito styles. governo is commonly used
29
Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG where? grapes
in the Marche. Corresponding DOC: Serrapetrona. rosso: min 85% Vernaccia DOC: dry reds DOCG: sparkling red! sweet or dry ** 3 FERMENTATIONS ** The first fermentation uses up to 60 percent of the grapes handpicked in October. Under DOCG rules, at least 40 percent must be dried on straw mats and added to the wine in January for its second fermentation. The third stage occurs after the wine has rested for a few months, and is then put into sealed pressurized where it undergoes the Charmat method
30
Frascati appellations grapes
in Lazio, 3 nested areas: Frascati Superiore DOCG: dry white wines Cannellino di Frascati DOCG: Vendemmia Tardiva Frascati DOC: Bianco (secco, amabile, or abboccato); Spumante (brut, or extra dry) ALL Minimum 70% combined Malvasia Bianca di Candia and/or Malvasia del Lazio Maximum 30% Bellone, Bombino Bianco, Greco Bianco, Trebbiano Toscano, and/or Trebbiano Giallo
31
abbocato
italian- slightly sweet. Orvieto, Frascati
32
Cesanese what is it? where is it?
grape in Lazio, Italy two distinct varieties: Cesanese Comune and Cesanese di Affile Affile: smaller berries, finicky, prefers higher elevation sites Comune: more widely used Cesanese di Olevano DOC - plains, so Comune Cesanese di Affile DOC - Afile Cesanese del Piglio DOCG - Afile
33
Corno Grande
highest peak of the Appeninne Mountains, at over 2,900 meters (9,500 feet) above sea level, the highest point in Italy outside the Alps and Mount Etna. in Abruzzo, Italy
34
mezzadria
italian word for sharecropping
35
Montepulciano (grape) origin preferred terroir
most likely originated in the mountainous Peligna valley of Abruzzo and plays a starring role in most of the region’s DOC/Gs. Because it accumulates sugar easily but its pip tannins ripen very slowly, colder, mountainous terroirs are preferred for achieving slow, even ripening and for avoiding unripe flavors
36
Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC grapes elevation
min. 85% Montepulciano labeled with subzone: Terre di Casauria: 100% Montepulciano. Terre dei Vestini/Teate: min. 90% Alto Tirino/Terre dei Peligni: min. 95% *subzones all have different aging maximum elevation of 600 meters (1,970 feet) generally, or up to 700 meters (2,300 feet) for vineyards with direct southern exposure.
37
Montepulciano d'Abruzzo DOC aging
Rosso: Wines may be released March 1 on the year following harvest. Rosso Riserva: Wines must be aged for a min. 2 years from November 1 on the year of harvest, including min 9 months in wood.
38
Colline Teramane Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOCG grapes abv
previously a subzone of Montepulciano d'Abruzzo DOC, elevated in 2003 Minimum 90% Montepulciano Maximum 10% Sangiovese min 12.5% abv (vs 12% base for DOC)
39
Colline Teramane Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOCG aging
Minimum 1 year from November 1 of the harvest year, including 2 months in bottle Riserva: Minimum 3 years from November 1 of the harvest year, including a minimum one year in either oak or chestnut and a minimum 6 months in bottle
40
White wine DOCG in Marche
Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva DOCG Offida DOCG (also allows red)
41
red wine DOCGs Marche
Cònero (Cònero Riserva) DOCG Offida DOCG (also allows white) Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG (rosso spumate)
42
two DOCG of Umbria
Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG Rosso (Secco, Passito) Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG Rosso (riserva)
43
red wine DOCG Lazio
Cesanese del Piglio (Piglio) DOCG
44
white wine DOCG Lazio
Cannellino di Frascati DOCG (late harvest) Frascati Superiore DOCG
45
DOCG of Abruzzo
only 2 Colline Teramane Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOCG (rosso) Terre Tollesi / Tullum DOCG - Rosso (Normale, Riserva), Varietal (Pecorino, Passerina), Spumante Bianco
46
Cerasuolo d'Abruzzo DOC grape
rosato - rose Min. 85% Montepulciano, max. 15% other red grapes suitable for production in Abruzzo. Cerasuolo comes from the Italian word for “cherry,” and, until the 1970s, this was an unofficial term to describe the darker color of Italian rosato. In Abruzzo, Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo DOC is named for the cherry color of its rosato wines. In Sicily, however, Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG is not a rosato but a red wine, named for either the cherry flavor of the wine or the red color of the terra rossa soils.
47
Trebbiano d'Abruzzo DOC grape
Min. 85% combined Trebbiano Abruzzese, Trebbiano Toscano, and/or Bombino Bianco. note: Abruzzese is a superior and different grape to Trebbiano Toscano.
48
Abruzzo DOC
same boundaries as: Montepulciano d’Abruzzo, Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo, and Trebbiano d’Abruzzo wide range of dry, sparkling, and sweet passito wines
49
Trabocco
Sparkling wines made from native grape varieties using the tank method can be labeled Trabocco, an unofficial term trademarked by the consorzio and named for trabocchi, the fishing platforms at the end of piers that are common on the Adriatic coast. Abruzzo, Italy
50
Ortona DOC grapes
Abruzzo white: min. 70% combined Trebbiano Abruzzese and/or Trebbiano Toscano red: min 95% Montepulciano
51
2023 changes in Abruzzo
new subzones- for Abruzzo, Montepulciano d’Abruzzo, Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo, and Trebbiano d’Abruzzo: Colline Pescaresi (Pescara province), Colline Teramane (Teramo province), Terre di Chieti (Chieti province), and Terre Aquilane or Terre de L’Aquila (L’Aquila province). exception for Montepulciano d’Abruzzo, because the name Colline Teramane is already used for a separate DOCG there. In Montepulciano d’Abruzzo, the Colline Teramane subzone is instead called San Martino sulla Marrucina, named for the commune of the same name. Other changes were also introduced, including adding Superiore and Riserva levels where they did not already exist, and making those levels exclusive to, and required for, the subzones. Abruzzo DOC also introduced a new rosato category, based on a minimum of 85% Montepulciano, making it a parallel to Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo.
52
river in Castelli di Jesi
Esino River
53
Vernaccia Nera
genetically identical to Grenache primary grape in both Serrapetrona DOC and Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG in the Marche
54
Castelli di Jesi overlaps with what red wine DOC?
Lacrima di Morra d'Alba DOC
55
Est! Est!! Est!!! di Montefiascone DOC grapes
50-65% Trebbiano Toscano (Procanico) 25-40% Trebbiano Giallo (Rossetto) 10-20% Malvasia Bianco Lunga and/or Malvasia del Lazio max. 15% "others"
56
Lazio's top red grape
Cesanese
57
capital of Le Marche?
Ancona - strategically important port city
58
Titulus bottle
designed by Milanese architect Antonio Maiocchi for Battaglia, designed to look like an amphorae / actress Gina Lollobrigida. made the Verdicchio recognizable and contributed to its popularity.
59
Paolo Bea bottlings
Arboreus - Umbria Bianco Santa Chiara - Umbria Bianco Montefalco Sagrantino Passito Rosso de Veo - Umbria Rosso Sanvalentino - Umbria Rosso Pipparello - Montefalco Rosso Riserva Pagliaro - Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG Cerrete - Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG

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