Joints of Foot and Ankle Part 3

Question 1

open kinetic chain

Answer 1

calcaneus and foot moving on talus

Question 2

closed kinetic chain

Answer 2

talus moving, forefoot is fixed, calcaneus is mostly fixed

Question 3

open kinetic chain pronation

Answer 3

Dorsiflexion
Abduction
Eversion

Question 4

open kinetic chain supination

Answer 4

dorsiflexion (talus)
abduction (talus)
inversion (calcaneus)
tibia external rotation

Question 5

closed kinetic chain pronation

Answer 5

plantar flexion (talus)
adduction (talus)
eversion (calcaneous)
tibia internal rotation

Question 6

Open Kinetic Chain

Answer 6

roll and slide in opposite directions

Question 7

Closed Kinetic Chain

Answer 7

roll and slide of mortise on the trochlea

Question 8

Ankle joint innervation

Answer 8

• Deep fibular nerve
• Accessory deep fibular when present
• Tibial nerve
• Saphenous nerve
• Sural nerve

Question 9

subtalar innervation

Answer 9

Tibial nerve
Lateral dorsal cutaneous (sural)
Medial plantar
Deep fibular
Accessory deep fibular when present

Question 10

talocalcaneonavicular innervation

Answer 10

Medial plantar

Deep fibular

Question 11

Calcaneocuboid innervation

Answer 11

Lateral plantar
Sural
Deep fibular
Accessory deep fibular when present

Question 12

Cuneocuboid joint and cuboidonavicular innervation

Answer 12

Lateral plantar and deep fibular

Question 13

innervation of 1st and 2nd Cuneonavicular, medial intercuneiform, cuneometatarsal 1-2

Answer 13

Deep fibular

Plantar side: Medial plantar

Question 14

innervation of 3rd cuneonavicular, 3rd cuneometatatarsal, , lateral intercuneiform

Answer 14

Deep fibular and lateral plantar

Question 15

innervation of Cuboid metatarsal 4,5

Answer 15

Sural
Superficial fibular
LPN

Question 16

Intermetatarsal joint

innervation

Answer 16

-Dorsum: deep fibular
-Plantar:
deep branch of lateral plantar: between 2nd and 3rd and 3rd and 4th metatarsal bases
Superficial branch of LPN: between 4th and 5th metatarsal base

Question 17

innervation of MTP joints and IP joints

Answer 17

Branches from the dorsal and plantar digital nerves that pass by the joint
2-4th MTP joints can also receive innervation from deep branch of LPN

Question 18

PIP joints between

Answer 18

head of proximal phalanx and base of middle phalanx

Question 19

DIP joints between

Answer 19

head of middle phalanx and base of distal phalanx

Question 20

Interphalangeal Joints (IP Joints)

Answer 20

• Proximal and distal have similar structure
• Gingylmus (hinge), synovial joints; diarthrosis
• Joint capsule ataches to articular margin
• Movements: dorsiflexion/plantarflexion

Question 21

Hallux only has an i

Answer 21

nterphalangeal joint (IP)
Between head of proximal phalanx and base of distal phalanx

Question 22

Medial and Lateral collateral ligaments of the __ interphalangeal joint

Answer 22

From the tubercles of the phalangeal head proximally to tubercles of phalangeal base distally

Question 23

Plantar interphalangeal ligament of the __ interphalangeal joint

Answer 23

From the head of a phalanx proximally to base of phalanx distally

Question 24

All the muscles, ligaments/capsule that attaches to the sesamoid bones

Answer 24

• Flexor hallucis brevis (medial and lateral)
• Abductor hallucis muscle (medial)
• Adductor hallucis muscle (lateral)
• Deep transverse metatarsal ligament (lateral)
• Sesamophalangeal ligaments (medial and lateral)
• Metatarsophalangeal suspensory ligament (medial and lateral)
• Intersesamoid ligament (medial and lateral)
• Plantar plate

Question 25

Anatomic and functional unit formed by

Answer 25

- Proximal phalanx - Collateral ligaments - Plantar plate

Question 26

Metatarsophalangeal Joints

Answer 26

Metatarsal head with base of proximal phalanx

Question 27

metatarsophalangeal joints are __ joints

Answer 27

Ellipsoid, synovial joint; diarthrosis

Question 28

Metatarsophalangeal Joints movements

Answer 28

abduction/adduction; flex/ext; circumduction

Question 29

Metatarsophalangeal Joints capsule attaches

Answer 29

to articular margins, lined by synovium

Question 30

Extensor expansion supports

Answer 30

dorsal capsule

Question 31

Usually No ligaments between

Answer 31

1st and 2nd metatarsals, they usually do not articulate

Question 32

Intermetatarsal joints are __ joints

Answer 32

planar, synovial, diarthrosis

Question 33

Intermetatarsal joints between

Answer 33

2nd and 3rd (part of great tarsal joint) 3rd and 4th (part of great tarsal joint) 4th and 5th

Question 34

``` Sesamophalangeal ligaments (phalangeosesamoid) medial ```

Answer 34

tibial (medial) sesamoid to medial tubercle of proximal phalanx base

Question 35

``` Sesamophalangeal ligaments (phalangeosesamoid) lateral ```

Answer 35

fibular (lateral) sesamoid to lateral tubercle of proximal phalanx base

Question 36

Intersesamoid ligament

Answer 36

Connects the medial and lateral sesamoids

Question 37

Collateral ligaments of 1st MTP joint (Proper collateral ligaments or metatarsophalangeal ligament)medial

Answer 37

from medial tubercle of met head to medial tubercle of proximal phalanx base

Question 38

Collateral ligaments of 1st MTP joint (Proper collateral ligaments or metatarsophalangeal ligament) lateral

Answer 38

from lateral tubercle of met head to lateral tubercle of proximal phalanx base

Question 39

Metatarsophalangeal suspensory ligaments (metatarsoglenoid ligaments or metatarsosesamoid ligaments or Accessory collateral ligaments) MEDIAL

Answer 39

from medial tubercle of met head to medial sesamoid & plantar plate

Question 40

Metatarsophalangeal suspensory ligaments (metatarsoglenoid ligaments or metatarsosesamoid ligaments or Accessory collateral ligaments) LATERAL

Answer 40

from lateral tubercle of met head to lateral sesamoid & plantar plate

Question 41

plantar plate attaches to

Answer 41

sesmoids

Question 42

Medial and lateral collateral ligaments of __ MTP joint or Proper collateral ligaments

Answer 42

Pass between tubercles of the met heads and proximal phalanx base

Question 43

Medial and lateral metatarsophalangeal suspensory ligaments of ___MTP (Metatarsoglenoid ligaments or accessory collateral ligaments)

Answer 43

From medial and lateral tubercles of met head to plantar plate

Question 44

Plantar Metatarsophalangeal Ligaments

Answer 44

Pass from plantar aspect of met head to plantar aspect of proximal phalanx

Question 45

Plantar (volar) plate

Answer 45

Fibrocartilaginous disc like structure located on the plantar to metatarsal head *type 1 cartilage

Question 46

Plantar (volar) plate | Important in

Answer 46

MTP dorsoplantar joint stability; Shock absorption | Resists tensile and compressive forces

Question 47

plantar plate Has attachment to:

Answer 47

deep transverse metatarsal ligament, sling of extensor expansion, flexor tendon sheath, plantar fascia, collateral ligaments and proximal phalanx

Question 48

Ligament that connects adjacent metatarsal heads and plantar (volar) plates

Answer 48

Deep Transverse Metatarsal Ligament

Question 49

Deep Transverse Metatarsal Ligament is an important stabalizer of

Answer 49

the MTP joints

Question 50

Proximal edge of deep transverse metatarsal ligament is at the level of

Answer 50

the metatarsal condyles, distal doesn’t usually extend past met head

Question 51

Anatomy is different between the 1st metatarsal space (between met heads of digit 1and 2

Answer 51

- Attaches to 2nd metatarsal head and plantar plate; splits into a dorsal and plantar slip - Plantar slip attaches to lateral sesamoid bone of 1st MTP joint - Dorsal slip attaches joint capsule of 1st MTP joint - The tendon of the adductor hallucis passes between the 2 slips