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Lower Extremity Anatomy > LEA Posterior Leg 1 > Flashcards

LEA Posterior Leg 1 Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

fascia compartments of the leg are formed by

A

Tibia and fibula
inter muscular septa
interosseous membrane

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2
Q

the anterior compartment of the leg

A
  1. extensors of the ankle (foot) and toes
  2. deep fibular (perineal) nerve
  3. anterior tibial artery
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3
Q

posterior compartment of the leg

A
  1. flexors of ankle and toes
  2. tibial nerve
  3. posterior tibial and fibular arteries
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4
Q

lateral compartment of the leg

A
  1. evertors of ankle superficial
  2. fibular nerve
  3. perforating branches of anterior tibial and fibular arteries
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5
Q

small saphenous vein arises from the

A

dorsal venous arch (lateral marginal vein) and dorsal vein of 5th digit

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6
Q

small saphenous vein is __ to the lateral malleolus

A

posterior

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7
Q

small saphenous vein drains into

A 
popliteal vein (but not always) 
(sometimes great saphenous vein)
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8
Q

the small saphenous vein travels with

A

sural nerve

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9
Q

the superficial lymphatics of the leg are located

A

superficial fascia

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10
Q

Majority of superficial lymph vessels drain into

A

vertical group of superficial inguinal nodes (great saphenous territory)

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11
Q

Superficial lymphatics in the small saphenous territory (posterior, lateral leg and foot) drain into

A

popliteal nodes

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12
Q

Deep Lymphatics are located

A

deep to deep fascia

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13
Q

lymph vessels travel with

A

blood vessels

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14
Q

deep tissues of the leg and foot drain into

A

popliteal nodes

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15
Q

popliteal nodes drain into

A

deep inguinal nodes

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16
Q

tibial nerve gives off

A

medial sural cutaneous

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17
Q

medial sural cutaneous nerve root levels

A

S1,2

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18
Q

tibial nerve root levels

A

L4-S3

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19
Q

common fibular root levels

A

L4-S2

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20
Q

common fibular nerve gives off

A

lateral sural cutaneous sural

(fibular/peroneal) communicating branch

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21
Q

the sural nerve is formed by

A

fibular communicating branch joining medial sural cutaneous

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22
Q

sural nerve root levels

A

S1,2

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23
Q

lateral sural cutaneous root levels

A

L5-S2

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24
Q

Sural (fibular/peroneal) communicating branch root levels

A

S1,2

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25
the sural nerve runs close to
small saphenous vein
26
the sural nerve passes around
posterior border of lateral malleolus than inferior to it
27
sural nerve supplies
- Distal posterior and lateral leg - Lateral calcaneus (lateral calcaneal branches) - Lateral side of foot - Lateral side of 5th digits (lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve)
28
the 2 subcompartments of the posterior compartment are divided by the
deep transverse intermuscular septum of the leg
29
where does the deep transverse intermusuclar septum of the leg attach
1. Medial margin of the tibia | 2. Posterior border of the fibula
30
the superficial compartment is supplied by the
sural arteries
31
the deep compartment is supplied by the
tibial arteries
32
which compartment is more tightly surrounded by fascia
the deep compartment
33
which compartment of the posterior leg is more susceptible to compartment syndrome
the deep compartment
34
which nerve supplies the posterior leg compartment muscles
tibial nerve
35
the posterior leg compartment muscles primary actions
- plantar flexion (flexors) foot/ankle - inversion - toe flexion
36
tendons of muscle pass and insert medial to the ___
subtalar joint
37
tendons of the muscle in the posterior leg can cause __ of the subtalar joint because of the way the pass
supination
38
superficial muscles of the posterior compartment action
powerful plantarflexors
39
the gastrocnemius 2 heads originate from
the femoral condyles
40
the gastrocnemius is important in
rapid, powerful movement
41
the gastrocnemius crosses __ joints
3
42
the origin of the medial head of the gastrocnemius
1. posterior aspect of medial femoral condyle 2. inferior aspect of medial supracondylar line 3. crural fascia
43
the lateral head of gastrocnemius originates
1. posterior aspect of lateral femoral condyle 2. inferior aspect of lateral supracondylar line 3. crural fascia
44
the insertion of the gastrocnemius
- the 2 heads fuse and anchor to the gastrocnemius aponeurosis - the aponeurosis will join with the superficial surface of soleus aponeurosis
45
the gastrocnemius aponeurosis will join with
the soleus aponerosis
46
the middle 1/3 of posterior surface of calcaneus
insertion of the gastrocnemius via the calcaneal tendon/achilles tendon/tendo calcaneus
47
the innervation of the gastrocnemius
tibial nerve
48
the blood supply of the gastrocnemius
medial and lateral sural arteries (end arteries)
49
function of the gastrocnemius
plantar flexion foot (ankle), flexion of the leg, subtler supination
50
flabella
sesamoid bone in lateral head of gastrconemius (10-30% of population) and becoming more prevalent
51
the soleus
- broad flat muscle forms solar arch | - continuous active
52
what passes deep to the sole arch
tibial nerve and popliteal artery
53
the origin of the soleus
1. middle 1/3 of tibia @ medial border 2. soleal line 3. tendinous arch 4. posterior aspect of fibular head 5. proximal 1/3 of fibula
54
the soleus insertion
joins with gastrocnemius, same as gastrocnemius
55
innervation of soleus
tibial
56
blood supply of the soleus
1. sural arteries 2. fibular 3. posterior tibial
57
function of the soleus
1. plantarflexion of foot and ankle | 2. subtalar supination
58
triceps surae
- (gastroc-soleus group) - gastrocnemius and soleus (3 heads, share insertion) - powerful planarflexors.
59
plantaris
small muscle, long tendon between gastrocnemius and soleus
60
origin of plantaris
distal aspect lateral supracondylar line | Travels inferomedially
61
insertion of plantaris
medial aspect of middle 1/3 of posterior calcaneus, medial to achilles
62
innervation of plantaris muscle
tibial nerve
63
blood supply of plantaris
sural artery
64
function of plantaris
1. plantar flexion, 2. knee flexion, 3. probably proprioceptive function (used in reconstructive surgery)
65
calcaneal tendon (achilles) inserts
onto posterior calcaneus
66
the calcaneal tendon twists __ as is descends to the calcaneus
inward; clockwise left counterclockwise right
67
gastrocnemius tendon fibers are __ at their insertion
lateral
68
soleus tendon fibers are __ at their insertion
medial
69
the achilles tendon is a
paratenan
70
the paratenon contains
numerous small vessels that supply the tendon
71
the vessels of the achilles partenon branch from
fibular and posterior tibial artery
72
watershed area of the achilles
2-6 cm above insertion
73
superficial retrocalcaneal bursa
between tendon and skin
74
deep retrocalcaneal bursa
between tendon and trigonum achilleum

Lower Extremity Anatomy (16 decks)

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