K+ Flashcards

1
Q

↑K+ Ursache

A
  • NV
  • NSAR
  • ACE-Hemmer
  • Azidose
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2
Q

↑K+ Klinik

A
  • Bradykarde HRS
  • ↑rreflexie
  • Muskelschwäche (Wie ↓K+)
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3
Q

↑K+ Therapie?

A

“Bringen K+ in Zellen” Schnell:
- Glucose Insuline Infusion i.v.
- Na+ Bicarbonat i.v.
- ß2 Sympathomimetika Inh (Salbutamol)

Schutz HRS: Ca+glukonat i.v.

K+elimination: Furo, Dialyse, Resonium (Kationenaustauscherharze: Hemmung K+ resorption in Darm)

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4
Q

↓K+ Ursache

A
  • Erbrechen, Diarrhö
  • Laxanzien, Schleifendiuretika, Thiazide, Insulin
  • Alkalose
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5
Q

↓K+ Klinik

A
  • Tachykarde HRS
  • Obstipation
  • ↓reflexie
  • Muskelschwäche (Wie ↑K+)
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6
Q

↓K+ Therapie?

A

> 3 mmol/l: K+ p.o. (BrausTbl)

<3 mmol/l: K+ i.v.

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7
Q

Insulin mit K+ ?

A

↓K+

Insulin stimuliert Na+/K+ ATPase.

Na+ verlässt die Zelle und Kalium kommt in die Zelle. Weniger extrazelluläres K+. Hypokaliämie!!

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8
Q

K+ Sparende Diuretika?

A

Sammelrohr:
- Eplerenon, Spironolacton, Triamteren, Amilorid

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9
Q

K+ Verlust Diuretika?

A

Henle Schleife: Furo, Tora

Distaler Tubulus: Thiazid. HCT, Xipamid, Chlortalidon

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10
Q

Warum Ca+gluconat in ↑K+?

A

Kardioprotektion (Membranstabilisierung, Schutz vor HRS!)

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11
Q

Resonium was ist?

A

Natriumpolystyrensulfonat. Für Hyperkaliämie.
Kationenaustauscherharze.
Tausch Na+ gegen K+ in Darm.

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12
Q

Für Hyperkaliämie, wie viel Ampulle von Salbutamol behandeln?

A

8 - 10

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