key area 1.1 Cell structure

Question 1

Animal cell

Answer 1

Membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes

Question 2

Plants

Answer 2

Cytoplasm, nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria, cell membrane, chloroplasts, vacuole, cell wall

Question 3

Fungal

Answer 3

Cytoplasm, ribosome, mitochondria, nucleus, cell wall, membrane

Question 4

Bacterial

Answer 4

cell wall, ribosomes, plasmids, membrane, cytoplasm

Question 5

function of a cell wall

Answer 5

Provides the cell with a rigid shape and structure

Question 6

Function of Mitochondria

Answer 6

Site of aerobic respiration

Question 7

Chloroplasts

Answer 7

Site of photosynthesis

Question 8

Cell membrane

Answer 8

Controls the entry and exit of materials

Question 9

Cytoplasm

Answer 9

Site of chemical reactions

Question 10

Sap Vacoule

Answer 10

Storage of water

Question 11

Nucleus

Answer 11

Contains genetic information (DNA) controls MOST cell activity

Question 12

Ribosome

Answer 12

Site of protein synthesis

Question 13

Plasmids

Answer 13

Extra pieces of DNA found in bacterial cells

Question 14

State the structural similarities and diffrences between these cells

Answer 14

Similarities- Animal, Plant and fungal cells all have cell membranes, cytoplasm, a nucleus, mitochondria and ribosomes

Differances- Only plannt and fungal cells have a cell wall and a sap vacuole, animal cells do not
Only plant cells have chloroplasts

Question 15

Identify the main structures found only in plant cells and state their functions

Answer 15

Only plant cells contain chloroplasts. These organelles contain chlorophyll and are the site of photosynthesis a process that only plant cells can carry out

Question 16

State the key features that are used to identify a bacterial cell

Answer 16

Bacterial cells are unique because they have no nucleus and no membrane bound organelles (No mitochondria, chloroplasts or sap vacoule) Their DNA is found ‘naked’ as a single large circular chromosome and many small circular plasmids

Question 17

Compare the location and structure of chromosomes in animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cells

Question 18

Identify the extra chromosomal material found in bacterial cells

Answer 18

Bacterial cells contains extra chromosomal material in the form of extra pieces of dna called plasmids

Question 19

compare the chemical structure of the cell wall in the cells

Answer 19

plant cell walls are made of cellulose (structural carbohydrate) but fungal and bacterial cell walls are made of different chemicals

Question 20

The purpose of staining cells

Answer 20

Allows you to see the details of the cell contents becasue cells are usally see through

Question 21

What is a unicellular organism?

Answer 21

Organisms that are only made up of one cell

Question 22

What is a multicellular organism

Answer 22

An organism that is made up of many cells

Question 23

What is a microorganism?

Answer 23

A living thing that is too small to be seen by the naked eye