Key area 7 And 8

Question 1

What is biodiversity

Answer 1

The total variation among all living things on earth.

Question 2

What are biodiversity measurements are useful for

Answer 2

To help monitor chnage and to access which areas and species should be supported

Question 3

What are the 3 main measurable components

Answer 3

Genetic diversity
Species diversity
Ecosystem diversity

Question 4

Genetic diversity

Answer 4

The number and frequency of all the alleles within a population

Question 5

Why is it important to maintain genetic diversity

Answer 5

If one of the species dies out then the species may lose some of it genetic diversity. The loss of genetic diversity will limit the ability of them to adapt to changing conditions

Question 6

What does the loss of genetic diversity cause

Answer 6

Not as able to adapt to changing conditions

Question 7

Species diversity species richness

Answer 7

The number of different species existing in a given ecosystem

Question 8

Relative abundance species diversity

Answer 8

The proportion of each species in the ecosystem

Question 10

Certain species are known to have a naturally lower diversity

Answer 10

They can still remain viable

Question 11

The bottleneck event

Answer 11

Is one that drastically reduces yhr size of a population

Question 12

What is the causes a bottleneck population

Answer 12

Environmental disaster
Hunting of a species to the point of extinction
Habitat destruction resulting in deaths of organisms

Question 14

Explain how a dominant species can reduce species diversity even is not species richness

Answer 14

If there is a dominant species In a community then their will be a Lowe species diversity, than one with the same species richness but no particular dominant species

Question 15

Ecosystem diversity

Answer 15

The number of distinct ecosystem within a defined area.

Question 16

What does overexploitation population do

Answer 16

It reduces biodiversity

Question 17

What does overexploitation mean

Answer 17

They use up resources faster than they xan be replaced

Question 18

Examples of overexploitation

Answer 18

Over hunting of whales
Overfishing

Question 19

What are the hippo factors

Answer 19

Habitat destruction
Invasive species
Population increase
Pollution
Over- harvesting

Question 20

Example of habitat destruction

Answer 20

Scottish wildcat

Question 21

Invasive

Answer 21

Red squirrel

Question 22

Example for Population

Answer 22

Red- backed shrike

Question 23

Example for pollution

Answer 23

Slender stonewort

Question 24

Over-harvesting

Answer 24

Right whales

Question 25

What can cause a bottleneck effect

Answer 25

Environmental disaster Hunting of a species to the point of extinction Habitat destruction resulting in death of organisms

Question 26

What is the size of a bottleneck population

Answer 26

They are a small population

Question 27

What is the result of loss of any genetic diversity.

Answer 27

They need the genetic diversity got evolutionary responses to environmental change

Question 28

What does inbreeding cause

Answer 28

Causes poor reproductive rates

Question 29

What are problems associated with low genetic diversity

Answer 29

Low survival rate Very susceptible to disease Low reproductive rate

Question 30

Habitat fraemtation is

Answer 30

A results of the cleaning of loads of habitats.

Question 31

What is habitat fragments

Answer 31

Is when the habitat is broken up into smaller fragments

Question 32

What does fragmentation lead to

Answer 32

Loss of biodiversity

Question 33

How does edge degradation lead too

Answer 33

Your interior species decrease since their Is less interior space.

Question 34

What happens to competition when the species fragments become smaller

Answer 34

Increase

Question 35

What is a habitat corridor

Answer 35

Is a narrow strip of land that is left undeveloped to allow species to move between fragments

Question 36

What are the benefits to habitat corridors

Answer 36

Free movement between fragments Improved access to food Increased choice of mates May lead to recolonisation of smaller fragments after local extinction

Question 37

What is a naturalised species

Answer 37

Species that become established within wild communities

Question 38

Example of habitat fragments causes

Answer 38

Building of roads

Question 39

What does degradation cause

Answer 39

Increase competition

Question 40

Bottleneck points for extended answer

Answer 40

Lower diversity Occurs in small populations Less able to adapt

Question 41

Introduced species

Answer 41

Humans have moved species into a new geographical locations

Question 42

Example of introduced species

Answer 42

Rhododendron

Question 43

Example of naturalised species

Answer 43

American mink

Question 44

Invasive species

Answer 44

Naturalised species that spread rapidly and eliminate native species by out competing

Question 45

Example of an invasive species

Answer 45

Japanese knotweed

Question 46

Invasive species are free of

Answer 46

Predators Competition Parasites

Question 47

How can invasive species lower thr number or native species

Answer 47

Preying on the native species Out-competing with the native speieces Hybridsing with the native species