Unit 2 KA3 Metabolic Rate & KA4 conformer And Regulator

Question 1

What Is an organisms metabolic rate

Answer 1

Is the amount of energy expended by that organisms in a given time period

Question 2

How can someone’s metabolic rate be compared

Answer 2

By measuring oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide and energy output in thr form of heat

Question 3

What does indirect calorimetry

Answer 3

Measures the respiration in an organism by measuring 02 uptake or CO2 production

Question 4

In a respirometer what direction does the liquid go

Answer 4

Will move towards the organisms

Question 5

When the organisms is more active what happens to the energy

Answer 5

Higher engery cost

Question 6

Basal metabolic rate

Answer 6

The energy required by an organism at rest

Question 7

BMR is measured in

Answer 7

Oxygen consumed

Question 8

Do mammals and birds have a High metabolic rate or low?

Answer 8

High

Question 9

Do mammals and birds have a higher metabolic rate then fish and reptiles

Answer 9

Yes

Question 10

Do fish have a High or low metabolic rate

Answer 10

Low

Question 11

What is required for aerobic respiration

Answer 11

Oxygen

Question 12

What do organisms with higher metabolic rate need?

Answer 12

They need efficient delivery of O2 to their cells

Question 13

What is the heart responsible for

Answer 13

Delivery oxygen to the cells

Question 14

What direction do the arteries go

Answer 14

Away from the heart

Question 15

What is the pressure of arteries

Answer 15

High

Question 16

What direction is the capillaries

Answer 16

Close to the tissue

Question 17

What is the function of the capillaries

Answer 17

Allow oxygen to pass from the blood stream into tissue build around the cells and carbon dioxide to go from fluid to the bloodstream

Question 18

What is the pressure of capillaries

Answer 18

Low

Question 19

What direction to the veins go

Answer 19

Towards the heart

Question 20

What is the function of the veins

Answer 20

To carry blood to the heart

Question 21

What is the pressure in the vein

Answer 21

Low

Question 22

What are the two types of chambers

Answer 22

Atria
Ventricals

Question 23

Atria

Answer 23

Where blood enters the heart

Question 24

Ventricals

Answer 24

Where blood leaves the heart

Question 25

What do all vertbrates have?

Answer 25

A complete circulatory system where the blood is contained in a continuous circuit of blood vessels

Question 26

Do fish have a single or double circulation

Answer 26

Single

Question 27

Do fish have a High or low metabolic rate

Answer 27

Low

Question 28

How is the fish low pressured aided

Answer 28

By the body movement when swimming

Question 29

How is the fish low pressured aided

Answer 29

By the body movement when swimming

Question 30

In a double circulatory system, how many times does the blood pass through the heart

Answer 30

Twice

Question 31

What circulatory system do amphibians and reptiles

Answer 31

Incomplete double circulatory system

Question 32

How many atrium do amphibians and reptiles have

Answer 32

2

Question 33

How many ventrials do amphibians and reptiles have

Answer 33

1

Question 34

What happens in a double circulatory that is incomplete

Answer 34

Since it only has one ventrial so oxygened blood mixes with deoxygenated blood.

Question 35

What type of system do mammals and birds

Answer 35

Complete double circulatory system

Question 36

How many chambers are their in a complete septum

Answer 36

4

Question 37

Why is a complete system more effective

Answer 37

Because their is no mixing of oxygenated and deoxygened blood

Question 38

What does complete double circulatory system enable

Answer 38

A higher metabolic rate to be maintained

Question 39

How does having a complete system help warm blooded animals exist

Answer 39

Oxygen is delivered to respiring tissues which release heat and jeep the body warm in endothermic organisms

Question 40

What is the metabolic rate affected by

Answer 40

By external abiotic factors

Question 41

3 abiotic factors

Answer 41

Temperature, pH, salinity

Question 42

What are conformers

Answer 42

Are organisms that are dependent on their external environment

Question 43

What are regulators

Answer 43

They are organisms that can regulate their internal environment and maintain a steady rate regardless of their surrounding

Question 44

Do conformers have a High or low metabolic cost

Answer 44

Low

Question 45

Why do conformers have a low metabolic cost

Answer 45

Because they do not need energy to keep their internal environment at a steady state

Question 46

Why are conformers restricted

Answer 46

Because they have a narrow range of ecological niches

Question 47

Are conformers adaptable to change

Answer 47

They are less adaptable

Question 48

Why are conformers less adaptable to chnage

Answer 48

Because they have a narrow range of ecological niches

Question 49

Conformers example

Answer 49

Lizard Snake Desert lizard

Question 50

How to regulators control their internal environment

Answer 50

They use physiological responses

Question 51

What is the regulation of of regulators internal environment called

Answer 51

Homeostasis

Question 52

Do regulators have a High or low metabolic cost

Answer 52

High

Question 53

Why do regulators have a High metabolic cost

Answer 53

They have to expend energy generated by uts metabolism on the physiological mechanism needed to maintain its inner steady state

Question 54

Are regulators adapble

Answer 54

Yes they can exploit a wide range of ecological niches

Question 55

The range that an organism can survive in can be plotted as what

Answer 55

A tolerance curve

Question 56

What does a complete conformer look like on a graph

Answer 56

Straight line with increasing gradient

Question 57

What does a regular look like on a graph

Answer 57

Roughly straight horizontal line

Question 58

Why is a conformer a straight line on a graph

Answer 58

Internal temperature varied with the external temperature

Question 59

Why is a regulator a horizontal straight line on a graph

Answer 59

The internal environment reminds the same regardless on external change

Question 60

Why will conformers have a narrow range of habitat

Answer 60

Their metabolism is dependent on external temperatures

Question 61

The regulator will have a wider habitat range because

Answer 61

Their metabolism will function optimally regardless of External temperatures

Question 62

Do conformers or regulators have high energy cost

Answer 62

Regulators

Question 63

What do regulators maintain

Answer 63

Homeostasis

Question 64

How do regulators maintain a homeostasis

Answer 64

Negative feedback loops

Question 65

A factor can increase or decrease from its norm ot set point what sensed it

Answer 65

Receptors

Question 66

What do the receptors do

Answer 66

Sent messages to the effectors

Question 67

What do effectors do

Answer 67

They bring about a corrective response to lower or raise the factor back to its norm or set point

Question 68

What is thermoregulation

Answer 68

Maintaining a steady internal temperature regardless of external

Question 69

What are the receptors for temperature

Answer 69

Hypothalamus

Question 70

What is the temperature monitoring centre

Answer 70

Hypothalamus

Question 71

What are the signals / messages carrier by

Answer 71

Nerves

Question 72

What happens if the sweat gland if hot

Answer 72

It will relases more sweat which cool the body as it takes heat to evaporate it form the skin surface

Question 73

If cold what does the sweat gland do

Answer 73

Release less swear to cut down evaporation

Question 74

What are the fat layers for

Answer 74

Acts as insulation

Question 75

What does the hair do when it's cold

Answer 75

If cols erector muscle contracts pulling hair upright - trapping a layer of air acting as an insulator

Question 76

When their is an increase in body temperature what are the corrective measures

Answer 76

Sweating, vasodilatiom ans relaxed erector muscles

Question 77

When their is an decrease in body temperature what are the corrective measures

Answer 77

Shivering, vasoconstriction , contraction of erector muscles and decrease in sweating

Question 78

What is thermoregulation important for

Answer 78

Optimal enzyme activity and fast diffusion rates to maintain metabolism

Question 79

What is vasodilation

Answer 79

Arterioles close to the skin become dilated. This allowed blood to flow near the surface of skin. Blood will lode hear by radiation

Question 80

Vasoconstriction

Answer 80

Arterioles close to the skin become constricted. This allowed small volumes of blood to flow to the surface. Little heat is lost by radiation

Question 81

Arterioles

Answer 81

Small blood vessels under the surface of the skin

Question 82

Shivering

Answer 82

Uncontrolled contractionbof muscles generates heat to increase body temperature

Question 83

Sweating

Answer 83

Heat energy gtom the body us used to convert the water into sweat to water vapour and this lowers the body temperature

Question 84

Metabolic rate

Answer 84

Increase to increase the body temperature by producing heat energy.

Question 85

Hair erection

Answer 85

Hair erector muscles contract and raise hair from the surface. This allows air to be trapped between skin and hair and provides insulation and reduces heat loss.

Question 86

Why is it important for the temperature to be regulated

Answer 86

To allow enzymes to operate under optimum conditions and high diffusion rates

Question 87

What are the two conditions that maintain metabolism

Answer 87

Temperature high diffusion rate

Question 88

Exmaole of a conformer behaviour

Answer 88

Basking on rocks