L2 WEEK 12 Flashcards

(81 cards)

1
Q

to discuss

A

besprechen (bespricht, besprochen)

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2
Q

to bring

A

bringen (bringt, gebracht)

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3
Q

to discover

A

entdecken

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4
Q

to tell, narrate

A

erzählen

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5
Q

to photograph

A

fotografieren

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6
Q

to win

A

gewinnen (gewinnt, gewonnen)

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7
Q

to happen

A

passieren

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8
Q

to talk

A

reden

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9
Q

to reserve

A

reservieren

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10
Q

to rain

A

regnen

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11
Q

to shine

A

scheinen (scheint, geschienen)

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12
Q

to snow

A

schneien

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13
Q

to write

A

schreiben (schreibt, geschrieben)

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14
Q

to lose

A

verlieren (verliert, verloren)

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15
Q

to understand

A

verstehen (versteht, verstanden)

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16
Q

to destroy

A

zerstören

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17
Q

(for) the whole day

A

den ganzen Tag

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18
Q

because / for

A

denn

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19
Q

there is / are

A

es gibt

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20
Q

for hours

A

stundenlang

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21
Q

pleasant

A

angenehm

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22
Q

cloudy

A

bewölkt

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23
Q

outside

A

draußen

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24
Q

hot

A

heiß

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25
bright, clear, fine
heiter
26
cold
kalt
27
cool
kühl
28
possible
möglich
29
wet
nass
30
foggy
neb(e)lig
31
low
niedrig
32
still, in addition
noch
33
Northern, to the north (of something)
nördlich
34
eastern, to the east (of something)
östlich
35
rainy
regnerisch
36
humid
schwül
37
strange
seltsam
38
sunny
sonnig
39
stormy
stürmisch
40
southern, to the south (of something)
südlich
41
dry
trocken
42
warm
warm
43
western, to the west (of something)
westlich
44
windy
windig
45
forest
der Wald, -ä-er
46
west
der Westen
47
weather report
der Wetterbericht, -e
48
field, paddock, meadow
die Wiese, -n
49
Wind
der Wind, -e
50
winter
der Winter, -
51
cloud
die Wolke, -n
52
weather
der Wetter
53
For the strong and mixed verbs, the third- person singular present tense conjugation and the past participle are given in brackets
For the strong and mixed verbs, the "third- person" 'singular present tense conjugation' and the "past participle" are given in brackets
54
story, history
die Geschichte, -n
55
sky, heaven
der Himmel, -
56
beach
der Strand, -ä-e
57
sun
die Sonne, -n
58
USE OF HABEN OR SEIN AS THE AUXILIARY VERB Most verbs form the present perfect tense with haben but sein is used when the action verb either:
1. expresses movement from one place to another 2. expresses a change of state or condition 3. is sein, bleiben, passieren or werden
59
INSEPARABLE-PREFIX VERBS One of the many wonderful things about the German language is that prefixes can be added to verbs to create verbs with new meanings. *With inseparable-prefix verbs, the prefix always stays attached to the base verb.* 7
1. be- Ich bestelle das Brathähnchen. 2. er- Peter erzählt gern Geschichten. 3. ent- Im Urlaub kann man immer viel entdecken. 4. emp- Ich empfehle Ihnen dieses Hemd in Dunkelblau. 5.ge- Gefällt Ihnen das Hemd? 6. ver- Verstehst du mich? 7. zer- Der Klimawandel zerstört die Zukunft.
60
FORMATION OF THE PAST PARTICIPLE WEAK VERBS
ge- [verb stem] -t brauchen => hören => kaufen => kochen => lernen => machen => sagen => spielen => suchen => tanzen => arbeiten => kosten => reden => regnen => gebraucht gehört gekauft gekocht gelernt gemacht gesagt gespielt gesucht getanzt gearbeitet gekostet geredet geregnet Note: the stems of verbs ending in -t, -d or a conson- ant cluster (eg. -gn) add a linking ‘e’ (eg. gearbeitet).
61
FORMATION OF THE PAST PARTICIPLE STRONG VERBS
ge- [verb stem] -en bleiben => essen => fahren => finden => geben => gehen => lesen => nehmen => schreiben => sehen => sein => sprechen => trinken => werden => geblieben gegessen gefahren gefunden gegeben gegangen gelesen genommen geschrieben gesehen gewesen gesprochen getrunken geworden Most strong verbs change the verb stem. (Some strong verbs, such as gehen, don’t change in the present tense).
62
FORMATION OF THE PAST PARTICIPLE MIXED VERBS
ge- [verb stem] -t bringen denken kennen wissen => gebracht => gedacht => gekannt => gewusst These verbs mix the features of weak and strong verbs: they change the stem but add the weak ending -t.
63
erbs ending in -ieren do not add the prefix ge- to the verb stem:
otografieren => fotografiert reservieren => reserviert passieren => passiert telefonieren => telefoniert
64
Separable-prefix verbs form the past participle by inserting the ge- prefix between the separable prefix and the verb stem:
anrufen => angerufen aufwachen => aufgewacht einschlafen => eingeschlafen aufhören => aufgehört
65
THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE The Present Perfect Tense (das Perfekt) is most commonly used in conversation to refer to past events. It is a compound tense, consisting of the present tense conjugation of the auxiliary verb (Hilfsverb) haben or sein and the past participle (Partizip II) formed from the stem of the action verb. These two parts of the tense form a sentence bracket.
Wir haben gestern Fußball gespielt. We played football yesterday. Dann sind wir in die Kneipe gegangen. Then we went to the pub.
65
Separable-prefix verbs may be strong, weak or mixed. Their past participles follow the pattern of the base verb:
stehen => gestanden aufstehen => aufgestanden
66
Unlike with separable-prefix verbs, the prefix of inseparable-prefix verbs is not stressed. Compare: aufstehen – verstehen. The past participles of all prefix verbs are formed just like the past participles of the verbs they are based on. Compare:
stehen aufstehen verstehen er hat ... gestanden er ist ... aufgestanden er hat ... verstanden Note that while the past participle is formed the same way for the prefix verb as for the base verb, the auxiliary may be different.
67
In the present perfect tense, though, they behave differently from verbs without prefixes: they don’t add ge-:
Wir haben schon bestellt. Was hat er dir empfohlen? Der Film hat mir nicht gefallen. We already ordered. What did he recommend to you? I didn’t like the film.
68
bestellen = weak verb empfehlen = strong verb gefallen = strong verb
bestellen = weak verb empfehlen = strong verb gefallen = strong verb
69
AMUSED
amüsiert
70
ordered
bestellt
71
discussed
besprochen
72
remained
geblieben
73
driven
gefahren
74
fallen
gefallen
75
found
gefunden
76
gone
gegangen
77
written
geschrieben
78
seen
gesehen
79
danced
getanzt
80
drank
getrunken