L23-24: Regulation in Eukaryotes

Question 1

diff b/w housekeeping. facultative , inducible genes

Answer 1

HK= essential 
F= only expressed the required
I= expression response to changes

Question 2

what is chromatin

Answer 2

dna packaged around histone (have positive aa)

Question 3

what does histone having positive charged aa do

Answer 3

an interact strongly with the negative charges of the phosphate groups in DNA

Question 4

explain acetylation of histone

Answer 4

adds (HATs) negative charge to aa = neutralises > activated

Question 5

what are chromatin remodelling complexes

Answer 5

alter chromatin structure w/out changing histone chemistry

- bind directly to DNA + reposition nucleotides so DNA= accessible

Question 6

what does gene methylation do and an example

Answer 6

gene silencing

- CpG methylation

Question 7

protein coding trascnoprtoin control regions

Answer 7

• — promotor proximal elements

- —-distal promotor elelements (enhancer or repressor)

Question 8

difference b/w cis elements and trans acting factors

Answer 8

cis= acting on same molecule 
trans= different

Question 9

what is morphogen

Answer 9

non uniform distributed signalling molecule regulating pattern during differentiation

Question 10

what are transcription factor proteins and their roles

Answer 10

determine if gene is on/off
- have a DNA binding domain
- single sensing domain (sad)
transactivation domain