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Y3R5: Medicine I 🩺 > L3: Acute Hepatitis & Acute Liver Failure > Flashcards

L3: Acute Hepatitis & Acute Liver Failure Flashcards

(42 cards)

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1
Q

Def of Acute Hepatitis

A
  • Acute Inflammation of the hepatic parenchyma or injury to hepatocytes resulting in elevated liver function indices
  • Duration → less than 6 months
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2
Q

Etiology of Acute Hepatitis

A
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3
Q

Compare between HAV,HBV,HCV,HDV,HEV

in terms of:

  • Genome
  • Transmission
  • IP
  • Fulminant
  • Chronicity
  • Prophylaxis
  • Serology
A
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4
Q

CP of Acute Hepatitis

A
  • Asymptomatic
  • Non-Icteric Hepatitis
  • Icteric Hepatitis
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5
Q

non-icteric Acute Viral Hepatitis

A

(without jaundice)

  • Flu like symptoms: Fever, Headache, Malaise, Anorexia
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6
Q

Icteric Acute Viral Hepatitis

A
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7
Q

Sequale of Acute Viral Hepatitis

A
  • Complete Recovery
  • Complications
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8
Q

Complications of Acute Viral Hepatitis

A
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9
Q

which virus is related to this complication (Prolonged Cholestasis)?

A

HAV

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10
Q

which virus is related to this complication (Relapse)?

A

HAV

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11
Q

which virus is related to this complication (Chronicity)?

A

B - C - D

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12
Q

which virus is related to this complication (Extrahepatic Complications) ?

A
  • HBV → serum sickness like syndrome (arthralgia, rash, angioedema)
  • HCV: → Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (arthralgia, palpable purpura, weakness, glomerulonephritis )
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13
Q

Investigations for Acute Viral Hepatitis

A
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14
Q

Prevention of Acute Viral Hepatitis

A
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15
Q

Managment of Acute Viral Hepatitis

A
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16
Q

Supportive Measures in Acute Viral Hepatitis

A
  • Diet (high calorie diet)
  • Hydration (IV fluid if vomiting is severe)
  • Bed rest (or activity as tolerated)
  • Avoid drugs metabolized by liver
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17
Q

Symptomatic TTT in Acute Viral Hepatitis

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Vomiting: Anti‐emetics
  • Itching: Cholestyramine
18
Q

Management of Complications in Acute Viral Hepatitis

Study These Flashcards
A

Acute (fulminant) liver failure: Hospitalization and appropriate management

19
Q

Specific Therapy in Acute Viral Hepatitis

Study These Flashcards
A

HCV: spontaneous recovery only (15‐20%)
- Direct acting antivirals

HBV: in special cases (severe acute hepatitis)
- Oral nucleoside

20
Q

Characters of Acute Hepatitis A

21
Q

Def of Acute Liver Failure

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Rapid deterioration in liver function characterized by →coagulopathy (INR > 1.5) and encephalopathy, in patients without pre-existing liver disease.
  • Duration → < 26 weeks
22
Q

Other terms of Acute Liver Failure

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Fulminant Hepatic Failure
  • Fulminant Hepatitis
23
Q

Classification of Acute Liver Failure

24
Q

Etiology of Acute Liver Failure

25
Viral Causes of **Acute Liver Failure**
- Hepatitis → B, A, E - Less frequent → CMV, HSV, VZV, Dengue
26
Drug Causes of **Acute Liver Failure**
- Paracetamol (dose dependent) - INH, chemotherapy, statins - NSAIDs
27
Vascular Causes of **Acute Liver Failure**
- Budd–Chiari syndrome - Hypoxic hepatitis
28
Toxin Causes of **Acute Liver Failure**
- Amanita phalloides - Phosphorus
29
Other causes of **Acute Liver Failure**
- Wilson disease, autoimmune - Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
30
what is the does of paracetamol that causes acute liver failure?
> 15 gm
31
What is The commonest cause of ALF in the UK and the USA?
Paracetamol
32
...... may influence the liver susceptibility to lower doses of acetaminophen.
Alcohol abuse
33
what are other hepatotoxic drugs?
Idiosyncratic (not dose dependent) - Such as: →INH, chemotherapy, statins, NSAIDs
34
Pathophysiology of **Acute Liver Failure**
35
CP of **Acute Liver Failure**
36
Investigations of **Acute Liver Failure**
- Investigations to assess liver functions and complications - Investigations to diagnose the cause
37
Investigations to assess liver functions and complications in **Acute Liver Failure**
38
Investigations to diagnose the cause of **Acute Liver Failure**
39
Managment of **Acute Liver Failure**
40
Etiology-specific therapies in **Acute Liver Failure**
41
Supportive care in ICU in **Acute Liver Failure**
- Monitor level of consciousness - Correct hypoglycemia - Prevent GI bleeding with PPI - Monitor for infection and multiorgan failure
42
What is The only effective therapy for ALF patients who fail to recover spontaneously?
Liver transplantation

Y3R5: Medicine I 🩺 (47 decks)

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